modelBoiler

Diagram of Boiler

Information

It is a dynamic model of modulating condensing boiler.

Hypothesis and equations

The gas consumption prediction model is estimated with a grey box model. Electric consumption is determined according to the consumption of the various operation phases of the boiler (purging, pump, power on/off, standby, etc).

This model requires a limited amount of input data accessible from the normative tests.

Following a sensitivity analysis,

  • The durations of anti-short cycles (abnormally rapid start and stop cycles), and especially the duration of the pump operation after combustion have a very significant impact on consumption and the number of machine cycles;
  • The parameter Δη (representing the decrease in performance depending on the load at a return of water temperature equal to 30°C) has nearly no effects on the results for the temperature levels of the water law in question (between 35 and 45°C). In the case of modelling a system requiring water temperatures higher than 35°C, the user can leave the default value, especially since this parameter is not provided in the ATITA basis;
  • Consideration of pre-combustion purge, during which the air in combustion chamber must be renewed, has also a reduced impact: over-consumption does not exceed 0.5% and is more due to a 30 second delay before launching the boiler than to the thermal power lost in the smoke.

Bibliography

The model is configurable from certified data accessible in the ATITA basis (rt2012-chauffage.com).

Instructions for use

none

Known limits / Use precautions

This is a detailed dynamic model. Some phenomena are represented in a simple way:

  • Heat losses through the wall are fully transmitted to the environment (RT2012 gives the lost part coefficients -for example through the wall for a wall boiler)
  • The consumption of auxiliary is partially degraded in thermal form (e.g. via the conversion of the water kinetic energy in pipes into heat by friction for the power supplied to the pump), this energy conservation is not considered now

Validations

Validated model - Hubert Blervaque, Sila Filfli 07/2013

--------------------------------------------------------------
Licensed by EDF under a 3-clause BSD-license
Copyright © EDF 2009 - 2023
BuildSysPro version 3.6.0
Author : Hubert BLERVAQUE, Sila FILFLI, EDF (2013)
--------------------------------------------------------------

Parameters

TypeNameDefaultDescription
RealPCSI1.11Ratio gross (high) heating value / net (low) heating value defined according to the fuel
Parameters provided on ATITA basis
SI.TemperatureTnom273.15 + 70Nominal temperature
RealPLRnom100Nominal loading rate (%)
SI.PowerPnom17300Nominal power
RealetaNom97.4Nominal net heating value efficiency (%)
SI.TemperatureTInt273.15 + 33Intermediate temperature
RealPLRInt30Intermediate loading rate (%)
SI.PowerPInt5190Intermediate power
RealetaInt107.2Intermediate net heating value efficiency (%)
SI.PowerPertesT30K60Stop losses
SI.VolumeFlowRateV_flow1.02/3600Volume of water in the boiler
Modelica.Units.SI.VolumeVeau2.8E-3Volume d'eau contenue dans la chaudière
SI.MassmSec35Dry weight
SI.PowerPaux24Electrical power of auxiliary on nominal power (out circulation pump)
SI.PowerPveille5.2Standby power (out circulation pump)
SI.PowerPcirculateur37Water circulation pump electrical power
Other parameters › Performance
RealDetaPLR1Efficiency gap at Tint between PLRnom (Part Load Ratio) and PLRInt (between 0 and 2% depending on the machine)
RealPLRminPLRIntMinimum loading rate
SI.TimeTimePrePurge30Pre-purge duration
SI.TimeTimeCycle300Minimum duration of a cycle (anti-short cycle)
SI.TimeTimeCirculateur600Operating time of the circulation pump after a combustion cycle
Other parameters › Fluids properties
SI.SpecificHeatCapacityCpE4180Specific heat capacity of water
SI.DensityrhoE1000Density of water
SI.VolumeFlowRateV_flowAir6.7E-3*(Pnom/20000)Pre-purge: nominal flow rate of air (nominal value from [Kemna 2007])
SI.SpecificHeatCapacityCpA1000Capacité thermique de l'air
SI.DensityrhoA1.2Specific heat capacity of air

Connectors

TypeNameDefaultDescription
Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealInputPLRPart load ratio (0-100%)
Modelica.Thermal.HeatTransfer.Interfaces.HeatPort_aT_intAmbient temperature of the place where the boiler is located
Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealOutputPgazThermal power provided by gas combustion
Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealOutputPelecElectrical power consumed (auxiliary ...)
Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.BooleanInputSaisonChauffe
Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealInput[2]WaterInVector containing 1- the input fluid temperature (K), 2- the input fluid flow rate (kg/s)
Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealOutput[2]WaterOutVector containing 1- the output fluid temperature (K), 2- the output fluid flow rate (kg/s)

Components

TypeNameDefaultDescription
RealetaRPEfficiency in steady state at T and operational PLR
SI.PowerQaFournirThermal power to provide
IntegerNbCycle
Modelica.Thermal.HeatTransfer.Components.ThermalConductorConductanceEnvThermal resistance of the boiler casing
Modelica.Thermal.HeatTransfer.Components.HeatCapacitorCpChauBoiler thermal capacity (dry weight)
BuildSysPro.BaseClasses.HeatTransfer.Sources.PrescribedHeatFlowpreHeaFlo
Modelica.Blocks.Sources.RealExpressionQaFournirExp
Modelica.Thermal.HeatTransfer.Components.HeatCapacitorCpEauHeat capacity of the water volume
BuildSysPro.BaseClasses.HeatTransfer.Sources.PrescribedHeatFlowpreHeaFlo1
Modelica.Blocks.Sources.RealExpressionBilanEau
Modelica.Blocks.Sources.RealExpressionDebitExp
Modelica.Thermal.HeatTransfer.Sensors.TemperatureSensortemperatureSensor

Revisions

Benoît Charrier 05/2015 : Suppression des connecteurs T & m_flow.

Benoît Charrier 01/2016 : Passage du calcul du débit en equation pour compatibilité OpenModelica.