modelASHRAE2006

Variable air volume flow system with terminal reheat and ASHRAE 2006 control sequence serving five thermal zones

Extends from Buildings.Examples.VAVReheat.BaseClasses.PartialHVAC.

Information

This model consist of an HVAC system is a variable air volume (VAV) flow system with economizer and a heating and cooling coil in the air handler unit. There is also a reheat coil and an air damper in each of the five zone inlet branches. The figure below shows the schematic diagram of an HVAC system that supplies 5 zones:

image

See the model Buildings.Examples.VAVReheat.BaseClasses.PartialHVAC for a description of the HVAC system.

The control is an implementation of the control sequence VAV 2A2-21232 of the Sequences of Operation for Common HVAC Systems (ASHRAE, 2006). In this control sequence, the supply fan speed is modulated based on the duct static pressure. The return fan controller tracks the supply fan air flow rate. The duct static pressure set point is adjusted so that at least one VAV damper is 90% open. The heating coil valve, outside air damper, and cooling coil valve are modulated in sequence to maintain the supply air temperature set point. The economizer control provides the following functions: freeze protection, minimum outside air requirement, and supply air cooling, see Buildings.Examples.VAVReheat.BaseClasses.Controls.Economizer. The controller of the terminal units tracks the room air temperature set point based on a "dual maximum with constant volume heating" logic, see Buildings.Examples.VAVReheat.BaseClasses.Controls.RoomVAV.

There is also a finite state machine that transitions the mode of operation of the HVAC system between the modes occupied, unoccupied off, unoccupied night set back, unoccupied warm-up and unoccupied pre-cool. In the VAV model, all air flows are computed based on the duct static pressure distribution and the performance curves of the fans. Local loop control is implemented using proportional and proportional-integral controllers, while the supervisory control is implemented using a finite state machine.

A similar model but with a different control sequence can be found in Buildings.Examples.VAVReheat.BaseClasses.Guideline36.

References

ASHRAE. Sequences of Operation for Common HVAC Systems. ASHRAE, Atlanta, GA, 2006.

Parameters

TypeNameDefaultDescription
Real[numZon]ratVMinVAV_flow{max(1.5*VZonOA_flow_nominal[i]/mCooVAV_flow_nominal[i]/1.2, 0.15) for i in 1:numZon}Minimum discharge air flow rate ratio

Components

TypeNameDefaultDescription
Controls.FanVFDconFanSupController for fan
Controls.ModeSelectormodeSelector
Controls.ControlBuscontrolBus
Controls.EconomizerconEcoController for economizer
Controls.RoomTemperatureSetpointTSetRoo
Controls.DuctStaticPressureSetpointpSetDucDuct static pressure setpoint
Controls.RoomVAV[numZon]conVAVController for terminal unit
Buildings.Controls.OBC.CDL.Logical.Oror2
Controls.SupplyAirTemperatureconTSupSupply air temperature and economizer controller
Controls.SupplyAirTemperatureSetpointTSupSetSupply air temperature set point
Buildings.Fluid.Actuators.Dampers.ExponentialdamExhExhaust air damper
Controls.SystemHysteresissysHysHeaHysteresis and delay to switch heating on and off
Controls.SystemHysteresissysHysCooHysteresis and delay to switch cooling on and off
Buildings.Controls.OBC.CDL.Reals.SwitchswiFreStaPumSwitch for freeze stat of pump
Buildings.Controls.OBC.CDL.Reals.SwitchswiFreStaValSwitch for freeze stat of valve
Buildings.Controls.OBC.CDL.Reals.Sources.ConstantyFreHeaCoiFlow rate signal for heating coil when freeze stat is on
Buildings.Controls.OBC.CDL.Reals.MultiMinTRooMinMinimum room temperature
Utilities.Math.AverageTRooAveAverage room temperature
Controls.FreezeStatfreStaFreeze stat for heating coil
Buildings.Controls.OBC.CDL.Routing.RealScalarReplicatorTRooHeaSetReplicate room temperature heating setpoint
Buildings.Controls.OBC.CDL.Routing.RealScalarReplicatorTRooCooSetReplicate room temperature cooling setpoint

Revisions

  • March 4, 2024, by Michael Wetter:
    Corrected wrong use of displayUnit.
  • December 20, 2021, by Michael Wetter:
    Changed parameter declarations for issue #2829.
  • November 9, 2021, by Baptiste:
    Vectorized the terminal boxes to be expanded to any number of zones.
    This is for issue #2735.
  • October 4, 2021, by Michael Wetter:
    Refactored Buildings.Examples.VAVReheat and its base classes to separate building from HVAC model.
    This is for issue #2652.
  • September 16, 2021, by Michael Wetter:
    Removed assignment of parameter lat as this is now obtained from the weather data reader.
    This is for IBPSA, #1477.
  • September 3, 2021, by Michael Wetter:
    Updated documentation.
    This is for issue #2600.
  • August 24, 2021, by Michael Wetter:
    Changed model to include the hydraulic configurations of the cooling coil, heating coil and VAV terminal box.
    This is for issue #2594.
  • May 6, 2021, by David Blum:
    Change to from_dp=false for exhaust air damper.
    This is for issue #2485.
  • April 30, 2021, by Michael Wetter:
    Reformulated replaceable class and introduced floor areas in base class to avoid access of components that are not in the constraining type.
    This is for issue #2471.
  • April 16, 2021, by Michael Wetter:
    Refactored model to implement the economizer dampers directly in Buildings.Examples.VAVReheat.BaseClasses.PartialHVAC rather than through the model of a mixing box. Since the version of the Guideline 36 model has no exhaust air damper, this leads to simpler equations.
    This is for issue #2454.
  • March 15, 2021, by David Blum:
    Update documentation graphic to include relief damper.
    This is for #2399.
  • October 27, 2020, by Antoine Gautier:
    Refactored the supply air temperature control sequence.
    This is for #2024.
  • July 10, 2020, by Antoine Gautier:
    Changed design and control parameters for outdoor air flow.
    This is for #2019.
  • April 20, 2020, by Jianjun Hu:
    Exported actual VAV damper position as the measured input data for defining duct static pressure setpoint.
    This is for #1873.
  • May 19, 2016, by Michael Wetter:
    Changed chilled water supply temperature to 6°C. This is for #509.
  • April 26, 2016, by Michael Wetter:
    Changed controller for freeze protection as the old implementation closed the outdoor air damper during summer. This is for #511.
  • January 22, 2016, by Michael Wetter:
    Corrected type declaration of pressure difference. This is for #404.
  • September 24, 2015 by Michael Wetter:
    Set default temperature for medium to avoid conflicting start values for alias variables of the temperature of the building and the ambient air. This is for issue 426.