modelParacetamol_metabolites

Diagram of Paracetamol_metabolites

Information

Paracetamol and it's metabolites. 

In healthy adults, paracetamol is rapidly absorbed and widely distributed with a volume of distribution approximating total body water, undergoing extensive hepatic metabolism primarily via glucuronidation and sulfation pathways, with a minor fraction oxidized by cytochrome P450 enzymes to form the toxic reactive metabolite NAPQI, which is subsequently detoxified by glutathione conjugation.

There are other metabolites observed in animal experiments, but not found in humans, thus not present in model implementation.


Simulation of paracetamol and it's metabolites pharmacokinetics 8h after paracetamol administration.

References:

Prescott, L. F. "Kinetics and metabolism of paracetamol and phenacetin." British journal of clinical pharmacology 10.S2 (1980): 291S-298S. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2125.1980.tb01812.x 

Zhao, Lizi, and Gisèle Pickering. "Paracetamol metabolism and related genetic differences." Drug metabolism reviews 43.1 (2011): 41-52. https://doi.org/10.3109/03602532.2010.527984 

Parameters

TypeNameDefaultDescription
Types.VolumeFlowRateCl5.972222222222221e-6total clearance rate

Components

TypeNameDefaultDescription
Sources.PeriodicDoseperiodicDose
Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartmentacetaminophen
Pharmacokinetic.TransferFirstOrderNonSymUGT
Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartmentgluconic_acid
Pharmacokinetic.TransferFirstOrderNonSymSULT
Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartmentsulfate_conjugates
Pharmacokinetic.TransferFirstOrderNonSymCYP450
Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartmentNAPQI
Pharmacokinetic.TransferFirstOrderNonSymGST
Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartmentgluthatione_conjugation
Pharmacokinetic.ClearanceDrivenEliminationkidney
Pharmacokinetic.ClearanceDrivenEliminationkidney1
Pharmacokinetic.ClearanceDrivenEliminationkidney11
Pharmacokinetic.ClearanceDrivenEliminationkidney2