classConcept

Information

The fundamentals of this library are presented in [Brkic2019].

The PhotoVoltaics library relies on simple electric equivalent circuit models of photovoltaic cells. Simple photovoltaic modules consist of a series connection of individual cells such that shadowing effects can be considered. Alternatively, a simple symmetric module consistst solely of a single, scaled cell model which calculates cell voltage, current and power, internally. A simple symmetric plant is as well a single, scaled model of a cell, considering the series connections of a module and the series and parallel connectrions of a plant.

Each photovoltaic (PV) component has to be coupled with a converter to deliver power to either an energy storage or the electric grid. In the PhotoVoltaics libaray the DC/DC and DC/AC converters are provided. In the quasi static domain a single-phase and a three-phase converter are provided. For time transient models there is currently only a three phase converter provided. The converter models consider

• no loss of the semiconductors,
• ideal control of the DC voltage of the PV component.

In order to operate each PV component in the maximum power point, a maximum power tracker is provied. In the actual version only a sampling tracker is available.

Different solar irradiance sources may be used with PhotoVoltaics library

• Analytical terrestric solar model depending on
  • latitude
  • longitude
  • absoulte time
  • a reference irradiance of the sun
  • azimut and inclination angle of the used PV component
• Irradiance terrestric model with variable location of the azimuth and then angle of inclination of the PV component
• Irradiance Model without time dependency and terrestric data; sun location is fixed such that extraterrestrial solar radiation can be investsigated
• Measurement data read from file such as implemented in PhotoVoltaics_TGM

Different PV module parameters of different manufacturers are provided as parameter records. The required module parameters are shown in ModuleData.