modelVentricle

Extends from Physiolibrary.Fluid.Interfaces.CompositionSetup (Initial substances composition setup), Physiolibrary.Icons.HeartVentricle.

Information

Heart ventricle.

like
QHP 2008 / VascularCompartments/LeftVentricle/*



The pressure-volume characteristics of both ventricles in diastole
and systole will be described using a power function.

  P = A * (V ^ n)

P = Pressure
V = Volume
A = Scale Factor
n = curvature

The function is invertable.

  V = (P/A) ^ (1/n)

Some typical values

                                 Right                 Left
                           ---------------------- ------------------------
Nominal Vol                     87.5                  87.5
Nominal TMP                      3.0                   6.0
Compliance                      29.2                  14.6
Pericardial P                   -3.0                  -3.0

DIASTOLE
  EDP                            1.0                   5.0
  EDV                          125.0                 125.0
  TMP                            4.0                   8.0
  n                              2.0                   2.0
  V^n                        15625.0               15625.0
  A                              0.00026               0.00051

SYSTOLE
  ESP                           22.0                 120.0
  ESV                           50.0                  50.0
  TMP                           25.0                 123.0
  n                              0.5                   0.5
  V^n                            7.07                  7.07
  A                              3.53                 17.39

Parameters

Type	Name	Default	Description
String	stateName
Physiolibrary.Types.Pressure	AmbientPressure		Environment ambient pressure
Physiolibrary.Types.Volume	initialVol	9e-05	Initial blood volume in ventricle
Physiolibrary.Types.Frequency	K		time adaptation coeficient of average ventricle blood volume
Physiolibrary.Types.HydraulicCompliance	BasicCompliance
Physiolibrary.Types.Pressure	NormalExternalPressure	-446	Typical value of pericardium cavity pressure (relative to environment ambient pressure)
Initialization of medium composition
Modelica.Units.SI.MassFraction[:]	massFractions_start (from CompositionSetup)	Medium.reference_X	* Masses of all base molecules. If size is nS-1 then last value is 1-sum(others). If size is nS then all values are scaled to sum==1.
Real[Medium.nC]	extraConcentration_start (from CompositionSetup)	Medium.C_default	Extra substance amounts per kilogram of solution
Initialization
Modelica.Units.SI.Temperature	temperature_start (from CompositionSetup)	system.T_ambient	Initial temperature
Modelica.Units.SI.Pressure	pressure_start (from CompositionSetup)	system.p_ambient	Initial pressure
Diastole
Physiolibrary.Types.Volume	NormalEndDiastolicVolume	7e-05	Typical value of blood volume in ventricle after filling
Physiolibrary.Types.Pressure	NormalFillingPressure	(0.00051101325/760)(NormalEndDiastolicVolume^(1/n_Diastole))	Typical value of filling pressure relative to pericardium pressure
Physiolibrary.Types.Fraction	stiffnes	1	Relative stiffnes (1 if normal)
Physiolibrary.Types.Fraction	n_Diastole	2	Exponent of P-V characteristic of EDV curve on filling pressure
Systole
Physiolibrary.Types.Pressure	NormalSystolicPressure	15998.684210526	Typical value of systolic pressure relative to pericardium pressure
Physiolibrary.Types.Volume	NormalEndSystolicVolume	(NormalSystolicPressure/(17.39*101325/760))^(n_Systole)	Typical value of blood volume in ventricle after ejection
Physiolibrary.Types.Pressure	additionalPressure_Systolic		Pressure difference between mean and systolic pressure
Physiolibrary.Types.Fraction	contractilityBasic		Relative contractility (1 if normal)
Physiolibrary.Types.Fraction	n_Systole	0.5	Exponent of P-V characteristic of ESV curve on systolic pressure

Connectors

Type	Name	Description
Physiolibrary.Fluid.Interfaces.FluidPort_a	port_a
Physiolibrary.Fluid.Interfaces.FluidPort_b	port_b
Types.RealIO.PowerOutput	MotionPower
Types.RealIO.FrequencyInput	HeartRate
Types.RealIO.FrequencyInput	GangliaGeneral	Sympathicus neural activity from general ganglia
Types.RealIO.PressureInput	Pericardium	pericardium pressure

Components

Type	Name	Description
Modelica.Fluid.System	system (from CompositionSetup)	System wide properties
Physiolibrary.Types.Constants.FractionConst	basicContractility
Physiolibrary.Organs.Components.BetaReceptors	sympatheticReceptors
Modelica.Blocks.Math.Add	Vol_SteadyState
Physiolibrary.Organs.Heart.Components.Diastole	diastole
Components.Systole	systole
Modelica.Blocks.Math.Feedback	StrokeVolume
VentricleVolumeAndPumping	ventricle
Modelica.Blocks.Math.Product	BloodFlow
Modelica.Fluid.Sensors.RelativePressure	StrokePressure	Pressure difference between systole and diastole
Modelica.Blocks.Math.Product	EW	External work - energy of heart cycle
Modelica.Blocks.Math.Product	power

Revisions

Author:	Marek Matejak
License:	Physiomodel License 1.0
By:	Charles University, Prague
Date of:	january 2009
References:	Tom Coleman: QHP 2008 beta 3, University of Mississippi Medical Center