modelFourthOrderPlant

Transient behaviour by multiple first order systems according to VDI 3508, no states, no balancing controller
Diagram of FourthOrderPlant

Extends from TransiEnt.Producer.Electrical.Base.PartialDispatchablePowerPlant (Abstract model of an electric power plant with a power setpoint input connector).

Information

1. Purpose of model

This model is based on the simplified representation of a power station unit found in the norm VDI/VDE 3508.

The model takes the set value of the electric power output (P_Target) and translates it to a change into a target thermal input. Meanwhile, the turbine valve aperture remains completely opened. Thus, the model is in natural sliding-pressure operation mode.

2. Level of detail, physical effects considered, and physical insight

The model is based on typical time responses of the power plant components. No phyisical modeling has been conducted.

3. Limits of validity

- This plant model is "always on" meaning that it reacts to power setpoint without delay even if current output is zero

- Control power provision is not implemented (dynamics are then different)

4. Interfaces

P_Target: receives the target value of the electric power in W

epp: type of electrical power port can be chosen

5. Nomenclature

(no elements)

6. Governing Equations

(no equations)

7. Remarks for Usage

The values of Tu, Tg, Ts can be found in the norm. The following table summarizes these values:




Recirculation steam generator (drum)

Once-through steam generator

Oil and gas

Tu=5...10s

Tg=60s

Ts=130...250s

Tu=5...10s

Tg=60...150s

Ts=40...120s

Hard coal with liquid slag removal

Tu=120s

Tg=200s

Ts=130...250s

Tu=50...200s

Tg=200s

Ts=60...100s

Hard coal with dry slag removal

Tu=20...60s

Tg=150s

Ts=130...250s

Tu=20...60s

Tg=150...250s

Ts=60...140s

Brown coal

Tu=30...60s

Tg=250s

Ts=130...250s

Tu=30...60s

Tg=250s

Ts=60...140s


8. Validation

According to [1] Chapter 7, "in the operating mode "steam generator in control"... the actual output follows the setpoint after the unit delay, which results from the delay within the controlled power station (Fig. 22a).

9. References

[1] VDI/VDE3508

Pitscheider, 2007

10. Version History

Model created by Ricardo Peniche

Model generalized for different electrical power ports by Jan-Peter Heckel (jan.heckel@tuhh.de) in July 2018

Parameters

TypeNameDefaultDescription
IntegernSubgrids (from PartialElectricPowerPlant)simCenter.iDetailedGridFor calculation of statistics in subgrids (=1 local grid, e.g. hamburg, =2 surrounding grid, e.g. UCTE grid
Physical Constraints
Modelica.Units.SI.PowerP_el_n (from PartialElectricPowerPlant)300e6Nominal power of plant
RealTu60
RealTg250
RealTs130
RealEff0.40Electric efficiency of the power plant
Realeta_gen1Efficiency of the generator
Modelica.Units.SI.PowerP_nNominal power in W
RealQ_br_nP_n/0.40Rated thermal input
Realalpha_HP_LP0.162
SI.InertiaJ10*P_el_n/(100*3.14)^2Lumped moment of inertia of whole power plant
Statistics
Modelica.Units.SI.Efficiencyeta_total (from PartialElectricPowerPlant)0.6Total efficiency of plant for emission calculation
EnergyResourcetypeOfResource (from PartialElectricPowerPlant)EnergyResource.ConventionalType of energy resource for global model statistics
PrimaryEnergyCarriertypeOfPrimaryEnergyCarrier (from PartialElectricPowerPlant)PrimaryEnergyCarrier.BlackCoalType of primary energy carrier for co2 emissions global statistics
BooleanintegrateElPower (from PartialElectricPowerPlant)simCenter.integrateElPowertrue if electric powers shall be integrated
BooleanintegrateCDE (from PartialElectricPowerPlant)simCenter.integrateCDEtrue if CDE shall be integrated
BooleancalculateCost (from PartialElectricPowerPlant)simCenter.calculateCosttrue if costs shall be calculated
IntegernSubgrid1Index of subgrid for moment of inertia statistics
Initialization
BooleanfixedStartValue_wfalseWhether or not the start value of the angular velocity of the plants mechanical components is fixed

Connectors

TypeNameDefaultDescription
TransiEnt.Basics.Interfaces.Electrical.ActivePowerPortepp (from PartialElectricPowerPlant)
TransiEnt.Basics.Interfaces.Electrical.ElectricPowerInP_el_set (from PartialDispatchablePowerPlant)Electric power setpoint

Components

TypeNameDefaultDescription
TransiEnt.SimCentersimCenter (from PartialElectricPowerPlant)
TransiEnt.ModelStatisticsmodelStatistics (from PartialElectricPowerPlant)
TransiEnt.Components.Statistics.Collectors.LocalCollectors.CollectElectricPowercollectElectricPower (from PartialElectricPowerPlant)
TransiEnt.Components.Statistics.Collectors.LocalCollectors.CollectGwpEmissionsElectriccollectGwpEmissions (from PartialElectricPowerPlant)
TransiEnt.Components.Statistics.Collectors.LocalCollectors.PowerPlantCostcollectCosts (from PartialElectricPowerPlant)
SI.ActivePowerP_el_is (from PartialElectricPowerPlant)-epp.P
RealP_star (from PartialElectricPowerPlant)P_el_is/P_el_n
SI.Efficiencyeta (from PartialElectricPowerPlant)
SI.Timet_fullload (from PartialElectricPowerPlant)E_total_generation/P_el_nfull load time in hours
SI.EnergyE_total_generation (from PartialElectricPowerPlant)Start value for generated electricity statistics
Booleanis_running (from PartialElectricPowerPlant)For continuous plants always true, for discontinous depending on state
SI.EnthalpyFlowRateQ_flow_fuel_is (from PartialElectricPowerPlant)P_el_is/eta
SI.MassFlowRatem_flow_CDE (from PartialElectricPowerPlant)fuelSpecificCO2Emissions.m_flow_CDE_per_Energy*abs(P_el_is)/eta - m_flow_gas_CDE_deposited
SI.MassFlowRatem_flow_gas_CDE_deposited (from PartialElectricPowerPlant)0*time
Realdelta_f_star (from PartialElectricPowerPlant)(epp.f - simCenter.f_n)/simCenter.f_n
Realdelta_P_star(P_el_set + P_el_is)/P_el_n
Modelica.Blocks.Sources.RealExpressionValveOpening
Modelica.Blocks.Continuous.FirstOrderfirstOrder
Modelica.Blocks.Continuous.FirstOrderfirstOrder1
Modelica.Blocks.Continuous.Integratorintegrator
Modelica.Blocks.Math.Productproduct1
Modelica.Blocks.Math.Feedbackfeedback
Modelica.Blocks.Continuous.FirstOrderHPturbine
Modelica.Blocks.Continuous.FirstOrderLPturbine
Modelica.Blocks.Math.GainnominalToRelativeConverter
Modelica.Blocks.Math.GainrelativeToNominal
Modelica.Blocks.Math.Addsum
Modelica.Blocks.Math.Gainefficiency
TransiEnt.Components.Boundaries.Mechanical.PowerMechanicalBoundary
TransiEnt.Components.Mechanical.ConstantInertiaMechanicalConnection
TransiEnt.Components.Electrical.Machines.ActivePowerGeneratorGenerator
TransiEnt.Components.Electrical.Machines.ExcitationSystemsVoltageController.DummyExcitationSystemExciter