modelA11HA01
Extends from Pharmacokinetic.Models.PK_1C_enteral.
Information
| name: | Nicotinamide | |
| ATC code: | A11HA01 | route: | oral |
| compartments: | 1 | |
| dosage: | 500 | mg |
| volume of distribution: | 0.6 | L |
| clearance: | 1.4 | L/h/kg |
| other parameters in model implementation | ||
Nicotinamide, also known as niacinamide, is a form of vitamin B3 used as a dietary supplement and medication. It is essential for human health, used to treat and prevent niacin deficiency (pellagra). It is an approved and widely used over-the-counter vitamin supplement.
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacokinetic parameters as observed in healthy adult volunteers after oral administration.
References
Larsen, MO, et al., & Holst, JJ (2004). Reduction of beta cell mass: partial insulin secretory compensation from the residual beta cell population in the nicotinamide-streptozotocin Göttingen minipig after oral glucose in vivo and in the perfused pancreas. Diabetologia 47(11) 1873–1878. DOI:10.1007/s00125-004-1546-9 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15565374
Sampathkumar, K (2009). Niacin and analogs for phosphate control in dialysis--perspective from a developing country. International urology and nephrology 41(4) 913–918. DOI:10.1007/s11255-008-9497-6 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19037739
Masunaga, S, et al., & Abe, M (1997). Modification of the response of a quiescent cell population within a murine solid tumour to boron neutron capture irradiation: studies with nicotinamide and hyperthermia. The British journal of radiology 70(832) 391–398. DOI:10.1259/bjr.70.832.9166076 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9166076
Parameters
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Modelica.Units.SI.Mass | weight (from PK_1C) | 75 | patient weight (kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdPerKg (from PK_1C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution (L/kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.MassFraction | F (from PK_1C) | 0.8 | bioavailiability (0-1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | Cl (from PK_1C) | 20 | clearance |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminTime (from PK_1C) | 60 | first administration time (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminDuration (from PK_1C) | 600 | administration duration (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminPeriod (from PK_1C) | 8*60*60 | period of administration (default 8 hours)(s) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Mass | adminMass (from PK_1C) | 1000 | administration mass (mg) |
| Integer | adminCount (from PK_1C) | 8 | number of dose administered (1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vd (from PK_1C) | VdPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmin (from PK_1C) | 0.004 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmax (from PK_1C) | 0.008 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_peak (from PK_1C) | 0.012 | toxicity peak level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_trough (from PK_1C) | 0.006 | toxicity trough level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.TransferRate | ka (from PK_1C_enteral) | 0.016666666666666666 | first order absorption rate |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | Tlag (from PK_1C_enteral) | 600 | delay between oral administration and absorption (default 10min) |
Connectors
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | centralCPort (from PK_1C) |
Components
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Pharmacokinetic.ClearanceDrivenElimination | elim (from PK_1C) | ||
| Sources.PeriodicDose | periodicDose (from PK_1C) | ||
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | t1_2 (from PK_1C) | elimination half-life |
Revisions
- 06/2025 Tomas Kulhanek, generated model from data extracted from PUBMED, DrugBank and LLM(GPT4.1)