modelB02BD30
Extends from Pharmacokinetic.Models.PK_1C.
Information
| name: | Thrombin | |
| ATC code: | B02BD30 | route: | intravenous |
| compartments: | 1 | |
| dosage: | 5000 | mg |
| volume of distribution: | 0.07 | L |
| clearance: | 3.6 | mL/min/kg |
| other parameters in model implementation | ||
Thrombin is a serine protease enzyme that plays a central role in the coagulation cascade, converting fibrinogen to fibrin and thus promoting blood clot formation. It is used medicinally as a topical hemostatic agent to control bleeding during surgeries or trauma. Thrombin for systemic use is not approved due to its rapid neutralization by antithrombin and potential for severe coagulopathy.
Pharmacokinetics
Estimated pharmacokinetic parameters for exogenous human thrombin administered intravenously in healthy adult patients, as direct clinical PK studies are not available.
References
Zhang, DM, et al., & Cui, YM (2012). Population pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of bivalirudin in young healthy Chinese volunteers. Acta pharmacologica Sinica 33(11) 1387–1394. DOI:10.1038/aps.2012.37 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22659624
Bateman, RM, et al., & Prandi, E (2016). 36th International Symposium on Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine : Brussels, Belgium. 15-18 March 2016. Critical care (London, England) 20(Suppl 2) 94–None. DOI:10.1186/s13054-016-1208-6 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27885969
Dash, D (2015). Current Status of Antiplatelet Therapy in Acute Coronary Syndrome. Cardiovascular & hematological agents in medicinal chemistry 13(1) 40–49. DOI:10.2174/187152571301150730114514 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26245659
Parameters
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Modelica.Units.SI.Mass | weight (from PK_1C) | 75 | patient weight (kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdPerKg (from PK_1C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution (L/kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.MassFraction | F (from PK_1C) | 0.8 | bioavailiability (0-1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | Cl (from PK_1C) | 20 | clearance |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminTime (from PK_1C) | 60 | first administration time (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminDuration (from PK_1C) | 600 | administration duration (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminPeriod (from PK_1C) | 8*60*60 | period of administration (default 8 hours)(s) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Mass | adminMass (from PK_1C) | 1000 | administration mass (mg) |
| Integer | adminCount (from PK_1C) | 8 | number of dose administered (1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vd (from PK_1C) | VdPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmin (from PK_1C) | 0.004 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmax (from PK_1C) | 0.008 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_peak (from PK_1C) | 0.012 | toxicity peak level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_trough (from PK_1C) | 0.006 | toxicity trough level |
Connectors
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | centralCPort (from PK_1C) |
Components
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Pharmacokinetic.ClearanceDrivenElimination | elim (from PK_1C) | ||
| Sources.PeriodicDose | periodicDose (from PK_1C) | ||
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | t1_2 (from PK_1C) | elimination half-life |
Revisions
- 06/2025 Tomas Kulhanek, generated model from data extracted from PUBMED, DrugBank and LLM(GPT4.1)