modelC02KX01
Extends from Pharmacokinetic.Models.PK_2C_enteral.
Information
| name: | Bosentan | |
| ATC code: | C02KX01 | route: | oral |
| compartments: | 2 | |
| dosage: | 125 | mg |
| volume of distribution: | 18 | L |
| clearance: | 17 | L/h |
| other parameters in model implementation | ||
Bosentan is a dual endothelin receptor antagonist used primarily in the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) to improve exercise capacity and decrease the rate of clinical worsening. It is an orally active drug that is approved for use in many countries.
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacokinetic parameters in healthy adult volunteers after single oral administration.
References
Taguchi, M, et al., & Hashimoto, Y (2011). Pharmacokinetics of bosentan in routinely treated Japanese pediatric patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. Drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics 26(3) 280–287. DOI:10.2133/dmpk.DMPK-10-RG-113 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21383523
Huang, Z, et al., & Zhang, W (2025). Comparative Pharmacokinetics and Bioequivalence of 2 Formulations of Bosentan Dispersible Tablets in Healthy Chinese Volunteers Under Fasting and Fed Conditions. Clinical pharmacology in drug development 14(5) 404–409. DOI:10.1002/cpdd.1516 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39828968
Klein, S, et al., & Noor, F (2016). In Silico Modeling for the Prediction of Dose and Pathway-Related Adverse Effects in Humans From In Vitro Repeated-Dose Studies. Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology 149(1) 55–66. DOI:10.1093/toxsci/kfv218 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26420750
Parameters
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Modelica.Units.SI.Mass | weight (from PK_1C) | 75 | patient weight (kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdPerKg (from PK_1C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution (L/kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.MassFraction | F (from PK_1C) | 0.8 | bioavailiability (0-1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | Cl (from PK_1C) | 20 | clearance |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminTime (from PK_1C) | 60 | first administration time (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminDuration (from PK_1C) | 600 | administration duration (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminPeriod (from PK_1C) | 8*60*60 | period of administration (default 8 hours)(s) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Mass | adminMass (from PK_1C) | 1000 | administration mass (mg) |
| Integer | adminCount (from PK_1C) | 8 | number of dose administered (1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vd (from PK_1C) | VdPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmin (from PK_1C) | 0.004 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmax (from PK_1C) | 0.008 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_peak (from PK_1C) | 0.012 | toxicity peak level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_trough (from PK_1C) | 0.006 | toxicity trough level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vdp (from PK_2C) | VdpPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdpPerKg (from PK_2C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution peripheral(l/kg) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | k12 (from PK_2C) | 1 | intercompartmental C-P clearance |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | k21 (from PK_2C) | 1 | intercompartmental P-C clearance |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.TransferRate | ka (from PK_2C_enteral) | 0.016666666666666666 | first order absorption rate |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | Tlag (from PK_2C_enteral) | 600 | delay between oral administration and absorption (default 10min) |
Connectors
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | centralCPort (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | peripheralCPort (from PK_2C) | ||
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_peripheral1 (from PK_2C) |
Components
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Pharmacokinetic.ClearanceDrivenElimination | elim (from PK_1C) | ||
| Sources.PeriodicDose | periodicDose (from PK_1C) | ||
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | t1_2 (from PK_1C) | elimination half-life | |
| Pharmacolibrary.Pharmacokinetic.TransferFirstOrderNonSym | transfer (from PK_2C) | ||
| Pharmacolibrary.Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | peripheral (from PK_2C) |
Revisions
- 06/2025 Tomas Kulhanek, generated model from data extracted from PUBMED, DrugBank and LLM(GPT4.1)