modelC03AA03
Extends from Pharmacokinetic.Models.PK_1C_enteral.
Information
| name: | Hydrochlorothiazide | |
| ATC code: | C03AA03 | route: | oral |
| compartments: | 1 | |
| dosage: | 25 | mg |
| volume of distribution: | 3.6 | L |
| clearance: | 109 | ml/min |
| other parameters in model implementation | ||
Hydrochlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic commonly used to treat hypertension, edema associated with congestive heart failure, liver cirrhosis, and chronic kidney disease. It reduces blood pressure by promoting the excretion of sodium and water in the kidneys. Hydrochlorothiazide is widely approved and used in clinical practice.
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacokinetic parameters in healthy adults following oral administration.
References
Van Wart, SA, et al., & Mager, DE (2013). Population-based meta-analysis of hydrochlorothiazide pharmacokinetics. Biopharmaceutics & drug disposition 34(9) 527–539. DOI:10.1002/bdd.1863 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24123104
Ngo, L, et al., & Lee, YB (2018). Effects of hydrochlorothiazide and amlodipine on single oral dose pharmacokinetics of valsartan in healthy Korean subjects: Population model-based approach. European journal of pharmaceutical sciences : official journal of the European Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences 118 154–164. DOI:10.1016/j.ejps.2018.03.031 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29604332
Kousovista, R, et al., & Karalis, V (2021). Validation of population pharmacokinetic models: a comparison of internal and external validation approaches for hydrochlorothiazide. Xenobiotica; the fate of foreign compounds in biological systems 51(12) 1372–1388. DOI:10.1080/00498254.2021.2012727 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34842039
Parameters
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Modelica.Units.SI.Mass | weight (from PK_1C) | 75 | patient weight (kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdPerKg (from PK_1C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution (L/kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.MassFraction | F (from PK_1C) | 0.8 | bioavailiability (0-1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | Cl (from PK_1C) | 20 | clearance |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminTime (from PK_1C) | 60 | first administration time (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminDuration (from PK_1C) | 600 | administration duration (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminPeriod (from PK_1C) | 8*60*60 | period of administration (default 8 hours)(s) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Mass | adminMass (from PK_1C) | 1000 | administration mass (mg) |
| Integer | adminCount (from PK_1C) | 8 | number of dose administered (1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vd (from PK_1C) | VdPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmin (from PK_1C) | 0.004 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmax (from PK_1C) | 0.008 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_peak (from PK_1C) | 0.012 | toxicity peak level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_trough (from PK_1C) | 0.006 | toxicity trough level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.TransferRate | ka (from PK_1C_enteral) | 0.016666666666666666 | first order absorption rate |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | Tlag (from PK_1C_enteral) | 600 | delay between oral administration and absorption (default 10min) |
Connectors
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | centralCPort (from PK_1C) |
Components
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Pharmacokinetic.ClearanceDrivenElimination | elim (from PK_1C) | ||
| Sources.PeriodicDose | periodicDose (from PK_1C) | ||
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | t1_2 (from PK_1C) | elimination half-life |
Revisions
- 06/2025 Tomas Kulhanek, generated model from data extracted from PUBMED, DrugBank and LLM(GPT4.1)