modelC07AB02
Extends from Pharmacokinetic.Models.PK_2C_enteral.
Information
| name: | Metoprolol | |
| ATC code: | C07AB02 | route: | oral |
| compartments: | 2 | |
| dosage: | 100 | mg |
| volume of distribution: | 5.5 | L |
| clearance: | 124 | mL/min |
| other parameters in model implementation | ||
Metoprolol is a selective β1-adrenergic receptor blocker used primarily to treat high blood pressure, angina, heart failure, and to prevent myocardial infarction. It is widely approved for clinical use and is available in both immediate-release and extended-release formulations.
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacokinetic parameters reported for healthy adult volunteers following oral administration of immediate-release metoprolol tartrate.
References
Zamir, A, et al., & Rasool, MF (2022). Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Metoprolol: A Systematic Review. Clinical pharmacokinetics 61(8) 1095–1114. DOI:10.1007/s40262-022-01145-y PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35764772
Shimizu, H, et al., & Uno, K (1992). Variation of pharmacokinetics after oral administration of slow-release metoprolol tablets and pharmacogenetic considerations. Arzneimittel-Forschung 42(6) 802–806. PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1418033
Huang, J, et al., & Lai, ML (1999). Pharmacokinetics of metoprolol enantiomers in Chinese subjects of major CYP2D6 genotypes. Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics 65(4) 402–407. DOI:10.1016/S0009-9236(99)70134-7 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10223777
Parameters
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Modelica.Units.SI.Mass | weight (from PK_1C) | 75 | patient weight (kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdPerKg (from PK_1C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution (L/kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.MassFraction | F (from PK_1C) | 0.8 | bioavailiability (0-1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | Cl (from PK_1C) | 20 | clearance |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminTime (from PK_1C) | 60 | first administration time (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminDuration (from PK_1C) | 600 | administration duration (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminPeriod (from PK_1C) | 8*60*60 | period of administration (default 8 hours)(s) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Mass | adminMass (from PK_1C) | 1000 | administration mass (mg) |
| Integer | adminCount (from PK_1C) | 8 | number of dose administered (1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vd (from PK_1C) | VdPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmin (from PK_1C) | 0.004 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmax (from PK_1C) | 0.008 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_peak (from PK_1C) | 0.012 | toxicity peak level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_trough (from PK_1C) | 0.006 | toxicity trough level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vdp (from PK_2C) | VdpPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdpPerKg (from PK_2C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution peripheral(l/kg) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | k12 (from PK_2C) | 1 | intercompartmental C-P clearance |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | k21 (from PK_2C) | 1 | intercompartmental P-C clearance |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.TransferRate | ka (from PK_2C_enteral) | 0.016666666666666666 | first order absorption rate |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | Tlag (from PK_2C_enteral) | 600 | delay between oral administration and absorption (default 10min) |
Connectors
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | centralCPort (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | peripheralCPort (from PK_2C) | ||
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_peripheral1 (from PK_2C) |
Components
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Pharmacokinetic.ClearanceDrivenElimination | elim (from PK_1C) | ||
| Sources.PeriodicDose | periodicDose (from PK_1C) | ||
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | t1_2 (from PK_1C) | elimination half-life | |
| Pharmacolibrary.Pharmacokinetic.TransferFirstOrderNonSym | transfer (from PK_2C) | ||
| Pharmacolibrary.Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | peripheral (from PK_2C) |
Revisions
- 06/2025 Tomas Kulhanek, generated model from data extracted from PUBMED, DrugBank and LLM(GPT4.1)