modelC08GA02
Extends from Pharmacokinetic.Models.PK_2C_enteral.
Information
| name: | AmlodipineAndDiuretics | |
| ATC code: | C08GA02 | route: | oral |
| compartments: | 2 | |
| dosage: | 5 | mg |
| volume of distribution: | 21 | L |
| clearance: | 7 | L/hr |
| other parameters in model implementation | ||
Amlodipine and diuretics is a combination therapy used primarily for the treatment of hypertension. Amlodipine is a calcium channel blocker that lowers blood pressure by relaxing blood vessels, while diuretics increase urine output to help reduce blood volume. This combination is used to achieve better blood pressure control, particularly in patients not sufficiently managed on monotherapy. The combination is clinically approved and is in current use for hypertension management.
Pharmacokinetics
No published pharmacokinetic (PK) models or data are available specifically for the combination product 'amlodipine and diuretics' under the ATC code C08GA02. The following PK parameters are an estimation, largely based on individual drug data (amlodipine as monotherapy in healthy adults).
References
Ngo, L, et al., & Lee, YB (2018). Effects of hydrochlorothiazide and amlodipine on single oral dose pharmacokinetics of valsartan in healthy Korean subjects: Population model-based approach. European journal of pharmaceutical sciences : official journal of the European Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences 118 154–164. DOI:10.1016/j.ejps.2018.03.031 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29604332
Kirigaya, Y, et al., & Ishizuka, H (2020). Pharmacokinetic interactions of esaxerenone with amlodipine and digoxin in healthy Japanese subjects. BMC pharmacology & toxicology 21(1) 55–None. DOI:10.1186/s40360-020-00423-4 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32727577
Parameters
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Modelica.Units.SI.Mass | weight (from PK_1C) | 75 | patient weight (kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdPerKg (from PK_1C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution (L/kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.MassFraction | F (from PK_1C) | 0.8 | bioavailiability (0-1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | Cl (from PK_1C) | 20 | clearance |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminTime (from PK_1C) | 60 | first administration time (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminDuration (from PK_1C) | 600 | administration duration (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminPeriod (from PK_1C) | 8*60*60 | period of administration (default 8 hours)(s) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Mass | adminMass (from PK_1C) | 1000 | administration mass (mg) |
| Integer | adminCount (from PK_1C) | 8 | number of dose administered (1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vd (from PK_1C) | VdPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmin (from PK_1C) | 0.004 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmax (from PK_1C) | 0.008 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_peak (from PK_1C) | 0.012 | toxicity peak level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_trough (from PK_1C) | 0.006 | toxicity trough level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vdp (from PK_2C) | VdpPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdpPerKg (from PK_2C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution peripheral(l/kg) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | k12 (from PK_2C) | 1 | intercompartmental C-P clearance |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | k21 (from PK_2C) | 1 | intercompartmental P-C clearance |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.TransferRate | ka (from PK_2C_enteral) | 0.016666666666666666 | first order absorption rate |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | Tlag (from PK_2C_enteral) | 600 | delay between oral administration and absorption (default 10min) |
Connectors
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | centralCPort (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | peripheralCPort (from PK_2C) | ||
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_peripheral1 (from PK_2C) |
Components
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Pharmacokinetic.ClearanceDrivenElimination | elim (from PK_1C) | ||
| Sources.PeriodicDose | periodicDose (from PK_1C) | ||
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | t1_2 (from PK_1C) | elimination half-life | |
| Pharmacolibrary.Pharmacokinetic.TransferFirstOrderNonSym | transfer (from PK_2C) | ||
| Pharmacolibrary.Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | peripheral (from PK_2C) |
Revisions
- 06/2025 Tomas Kulhanek, generated model from data extracted from PUBMED, DrugBank and LLM(GPT4.1)