modelD06BB05

Extends from Pharmacokinetic.Models.PK_1C_enteral.

Information

name:	Inosine
ATC code:	D06BB05
route:	oral
compartments:	1
dosage:	1000	mg
volume of distribution:	42	L
clearance:	1.2	L/h
other parameters in model implementation

Inosine is a purine nucleoside that is produced by the deamination of adenosine. It has been explored as a therapeutic agent for various medical conditions, including neurological disorders such as multiple sclerosis and Parkinson's disease, as well as for its potential use in treating viral infections and as an immunomodulatory agent. Inosine is not widely approved as a pharmaceutical drug in many countries and is mostly available as a dietary supplement.

Pharmacokinetics

No published human pharmacokinetic parameters for inosine were identified. PK parameters reported here are only estimated based on its molecular similarity to other purine nucleosides (e.g., adenosine, guanosine) and basic physicochemical properties. Parameters are rough approximations for a typical adult following oral administration.

References

Staatz, CE, & Tett, SE (2007). Clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of mycophenolate in solid organ transplant recipients. Clinical pharmacokinetics 46(1) 13–58. DOI:10.2165/00003088-200746010-00002 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17201457
Li, H, et al., & McCune, JS (2014). Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic analysis of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase activity in hematopoietic cell transplantation recipients treated with mycophenolate mofetil. Biology of blood and marrow transplantation : journal of the American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation 20(8) 1121–1129. DOI:10.1016/j.bbmt.2014.03.032 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24727337
McHutchison, JG, et al., & Alam, J (2005). A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled dose-escalation trial of merimepodib (VX-497) and interferon-alpha in previously untreated patients with chronic hepatitis C. Antiviral therapy 10(5) 635–643. PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16152757

Parameters

Type	Name	Default	Description
Modelica.Units.SI.Mass	weight (from PK_1C)	75	patient weight (kg)
Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume	VdPerKg (from PK_1C)	0.9	Volume of distribution (L/kg)
Modelica.Units.SI.MassFraction	F (from PK_1C)	0.8	bioavailiability (0-1)
Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance	Cl (from PK_1C)	20	clearance
Modelica.Units.SI.Time	adminTime (from PK_1C)	60	first administration time (s)
Modelica.Units.SI.Time	adminDuration (from PK_1C)	600	administration duration (s)
Modelica.Units.SI.Time	adminPeriod (from PK_1C)	86060	period of administration (default 8 hours)(s)
Pharmacolibrary.Types.Mass	adminMass (from PK_1C)	1000	administration mass (mg)
Integer	adminCount (from PK_1C)	8	number of dose administered (1)
Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume	Vd (from PK_1C)	VdPerKg*weight	Volume of distribution (m3)
Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration	Cmin (from PK_1C)	0.004	minimal therapeutic range
Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration	Cmax (from PK_1C)	0.008	minimal therapeutic range
Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration	Ctox_peak (from PK_1C)	0.012	toxicity peak level
Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration	Ctox_trough (from PK_1C)	0.006	toxicity trough level
Pharmacolibrary.Types.TransferRate	ka (from PK_1C_enteral)	0.016666666666666666	first order absorption rate
Modelica.Units.SI.Time	Tlag (from PK_1C_enteral)	600	delay between oral administration and absorption (default 10min)

Connectors

Type	Name	Default	Description
Types.ConcentrationOutput	C_central (from PK_1C)
Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b	centralCPort (from PK_1C)

Components

Type	Name	Description
Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment	central (from PK_1C)
Pharmacokinetic.ClearanceDrivenElimination	elim (from PK_1C)
Sources.PeriodicDose	periodicDose (from PK_1C)
Modelica.Units.SI.Time	t1_2 (from PK_1C)	elimination half-life

Revisions

06/2025 Tomas Kulhanek, generated model from data extracted from PUBMED, DrugBank and LLM(GPT4.1)