modelD06BX01
Extends from Pharmacokinetic.Models.PK_1C_enteral.
Information
| name: | Metronidazole | |
| ATC code: | D06BX01 | route: | oral |
| compartments: | 1 | |
| dosage: | 500 | mg |
| volume of distribution: | 0.65 | L |
| clearance: | 0.045 | L/kg/h |
| other parameters in model implementation | ||
Metronidazole is an antibiotic and antiprotozoal medication used primarily to treat infections caused by anaerobic bacteria and certain parasites, such as Giardia and Trichomonas. It is approved and commonly used today for the treatment of bacterial vaginosis, pelvic inflammatory disease, and Clostridioides difficile infection, among others.
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacokinetic parameters reported for healthy adult volunteers after single oral dose administration.
References
Sullins, AK, & Abdel-Rahman, SM (2013). Pharmacokinetics of antibacterial agents in the CSF of children and adolescents. Paediatric drugs 15(2) 93–117. DOI:10.1007/s40272-013-0017-5 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23529866
Vande Griend, JP, et al., & Linnebur, SA (2012). A year in review: new drugs for older adults in 2011. The American journal of geriatric pharmacotherapy 10(4) 258–263. DOI:10.1016/j.amjopharm.2012.05.003 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22682643
Carlson, TJ, et al., & Garey, KW (2022). Fulminant Clostridioides difficile Infection: A Review of Treatment Options for a Life-Threatening Infection. Seminars in respiratory and critical care medicine 43(1) 28–38. DOI:10.1055/s-0041-1740973 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35172356
Parameters
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Modelica.Units.SI.Mass | weight (from PK_1C) | 75 | patient weight (kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdPerKg (from PK_1C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution (L/kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.MassFraction | F (from PK_1C) | 0.8 | bioavailiability (0-1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | Cl (from PK_1C) | 20 | clearance |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminTime (from PK_1C) | 60 | first administration time (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminDuration (from PK_1C) | 600 | administration duration (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminPeriod (from PK_1C) | 8*60*60 | period of administration (default 8 hours)(s) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Mass | adminMass (from PK_1C) | 1000 | administration mass (mg) |
| Integer | adminCount (from PK_1C) | 8 | number of dose administered (1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vd (from PK_1C) | VdPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmin (from PK_1C) | 0.004 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmax (from PK_1C) | 0.008 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_peak (from PK_1C) | 0.012 | toxicity peak level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_trough (from PK_1C) | 0.006 | toxicity trough level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.TransferRate | ka (from PK_1C_enteral) | 0.016666666666666666 | first order absorption rate |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | Tlag (from PK_1C_enteral) | 600 | delay between oral administration and absorption (default 10min) |
Connectors
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | centralCPort (from PK_1C) |
Components
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Pharmacokinetic.ClearanceDrivenElimination | elim (from PK_1C) | ||
| Sources.PeriodicDose | periodicDose (from PK_1C) | ||
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | t1_2 (from PK_1C) | elimination half-life |
Revisions
- 06/2025 Tomas Kulhanek, generated model from data extracted from PUBMED, DrugBank and LLM(GPT4.1)