modelD08AX08
Extends from Pharmacokinetic.Models.PK_1C_enteral.
Information
| name: | Ethanol | |
| ATC code: | D08AX08 | route: | oral |
| compartments: | 1 | |
| dosage: | 40000 | mg |
| volume of distribution: | 0.6 | L |
| clearance: | 15 | mL/min/kg |
| other parameters in model implementation | ||
Ethanol, also known as ethyl alcohol, is a volatile, flammable, colorless liquid commonly used as an antiseptic and disinfectant for topical application, and is the principal psychoactive ingredient in alcoholic beverages. It is not currently used as an approved therapeutic drug but is still in use for certain medical applications, such as antidote therapy in methanol or ethylene glycol poisoning, and for its antimicrobial properties in skin disinfectants.
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacokinetics in healthy adult volunteers; parameters estimated for intravenous and oral route in typical populations, based on published literature.
References
Büsker, S, et al., & Fuhr, U (2023). Population Pharmacokinetics as a Tool to Reevaluate the Complex Disposition of Ethanol in the Fed and Fasted States. Journal of clinical pharmacology 63(6) 681–694. DOI:10.1002/jcph.2205 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36688276
Knych, HK, et al., & McKemie, DS (2024). Pharmacokinetics of Ethyl Glucuronide and Ethyl Sulfate and Pharmacodynamic Effects Following Intravenous and Oral Administration of Ethanol to Exercised Horses. Drug testing and analysis None –. DOI:10.1002/dta.3803 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39279026
Imbert, B, et al., & Simon, N (2016). Population Pharmacokinetics of High-Dose Oxazepam in Alcohol-Dependent Patients: Is There a Risk of Accumulation?. Therapeutic drug monitoring 38(2) 253–258. DOI:10.1097/FTD.0000000000000262 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26580099
Parameters
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Modelica.Units.SI.Mass | weight (from PK_1C) | 75 | patient weight (kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdPerKg (from PK_1C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution (L/kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.MassFraction | F (from PK_1C) | 0.8 | bioavailiability (0-1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | Cl (from PK_1C) | 20 | clearance |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminTime (from PK_1C) | 60 | first administration time (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminDuration (from PK_1C) | 600 | administration duration (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminPeriod (from PK_1C) | 8*60*60 | period of administration (default 8 hours)(s) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Mass | adminMass (from PK_1C) | 1000 | administration mass (mg) |
| Integer | adminCount (from PK_1C) | 8 | number of dose administered (1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vd (from PK_1C) | VdPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmin (from PK_1C) | 0.004 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmax (from PK_1C) | 0.008 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_peak (from PK_1C) | 0.012 | toxicity peak level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_trough (from PK_1C) | 0.006 | toxicity trough level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.TransferRate | ka (from PK_1C_enteral) | 0.016666666666666666 | first order absorption rate |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | Tlag (from PK_1C_enteral) | 600 | delay between oral administration and absorption (default 10min) |
Connectors
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | centralCPort (from PK_1C) |
Components
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Pharmacokinetic.ClearanceDrivenElimination | elim (from PK_1C) | ||
| Sources.PeriodicDose | periodicDose (from PK_1C) | ||
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | t1_2 (from PK_1C) | elimination half-life |
Revisions
- 06/2025 Tomas Kulhanek, generated model from data extracted from PUBMED, DrugBank and LLM(GPT4.1)