modelD11AA01
Extends from Pharmacokinetic.Models.PK_1C.
Information
| name: | Glycopyrronium | |
| ATC code: | D11AA01 | route: | topical |
| compartments: | 1 | |
| dosage: | 3.2 | mg |
| volume of distribution: | 102 | L |
| clearance: | 3.44 | L/h |
| other parameters in model implementation | ||
Glycopyrronium is a synthetic anticholinergic (antimuscarinic) agent used primarily for the treatment of hyperhidrosis (excessive sweating) and, in other formulations, as a bronchodilator in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It is marketed in topical form for hyperhidrosis and inhalation form for COPD. Glycopyrronium bromide has also been used to reduce secretions in anesthesia and other settings. The topical formulation (as glycopyrronium tosylate, ATC D11AA01) is approved for axillary hyperhidrosis in adults and children in several countries.
Pharmacokinetics
Mean pharmacokinetic parameters following single topical application of glycopyrronium tosylate 2.4% in healthy adult subjects. No significant sex or age subgroup differences reported.
References
Pariser, DM, et al., & Mould, DR (2021). Limited Systemic Exposure with Topical Glycopyrronium Tosylate in Primary Axillary Hyperhidrosis. Clinical pharmacokinetics 60(5) 665–676. DOI:10.1007/s40262-020-00975-y PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33433785
Parameters
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Modelica.Units.SI.Mass | weight (from PK_1C) | 75 | patient weight (kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdPerKg (from PK_1C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution (L/kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.MassFraction | F (from PK_1C) | 0.8 | bioavailiability (0-1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | Cl (from PK_1C) | 20 | clearance |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminTime (from PK_1C) | 60 | first administration time (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminDuration (from PK_1C) | 600 | administration duration (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminPeriod (from PK_1C) | 8*60*60 | period of administration (default 8 hours)(s) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Mass | adminMass (from PK_1C) | 1000 | administration mass (mg) |
| Integer | adminCount (from PK_1C) | 8 | number of dose administered (1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vd (from PK_1C) | VdPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmin (from PK_1C) | 0.004 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmax (from PK_1C) | 0.008 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_peak (from PK_1C) | 0.012 | toxicity peak level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_trough (from PK_1C) | 0.006 | toxicity trough level |
Connectors
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | centralCPort (from PK_1C) |
Components
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Pharmacokinetic.ClearanceDrivenElimination | elim (from PK_1C) | ||
| Sources.PeriodicDose | periodicDose (from PK_1C) | ||
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | t1_2 (from PK_1C) | elimination half-life |
Revisions
- 06/2025 Tomas Kulhanek, generated model from data extracted from PUBMED, DrugBank and LLM(GPT4.1)