modelH04AA01_1
Extends from Pharmacokinetic.Models.PK_1C.
Information
| name: | Glucagon_1 | |
| ATC code: | H04AA01_1 | route: | intramuscular |
| compartments: | 1 | |
| dosage: | 1 | mg |
| volume of distribution: | 0.36 | L |
| clearance: | 13.6 | mL/min/kg |
| other parameters in model implementation | ||
Glucagon is a peptide hormone produced by the alpha cells of the pancreas. It raises blood glucose levels by promoting glycogen breakdown and gluconeogenesis in the liver. It is mainly used as an emergency treatment for severe hypoglycemia and as a diagnostic aid in radiological examinations. Glucagon is approved and in clinical use.
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacokinetic parameters after intramuscular administration in healthy individuals.
References
Huang, CJ, et al., & Shih, KC (2023). Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Long-Acting Release Formulations of Pasireotide (SOM230) in a Male Population Who Are Hyperendemic Hepatitis B/C and Chronic Kidney Disease: An Open-Label, Phase I Study. European journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics 48(6) 665–674. DOI:10.1007/s13318-023-00854-4 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37751056
Nasu, R, et al., & Nagai, Y (2023). Dose Rationale of Nasal Glucagon in Japanese Pediatric Patients with Diabetes Using Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Modeling and Simulation. Paediatric drugs 25(3) 377–387. DOI:10.1007/s40272-023-00565-y PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36973474
Chen, X, et al., & Hu, P (2014). Pharmacokinetics and safety of subcutaneous pasireotide and intramuscular pasireotide long-acting release in Chinese male healthy volunteers: a phase I, single-center, open-label, randomized study. Clinical therapeutics 36(8) 1196–1210. DOI:10.1016/j.clinthera.2014.06.006 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25012727
Parameters
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Modelica.Units.SI.Mass | weight (from PK_1C) | 75 | patient weight (kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdPerKg (from PK_1C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution (L/kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.MassFraction | F (from PK_1C) | 0.8 | bioavailiability (0-1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | Cl (from PK_1C) | 20 | clearance |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminTime (from PK_1C) | 60 | first administration time (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminDuration (from PK_1C) | 600 | administration duration (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminPeriod (from PK_1C) | 8*60*60 | period of administration (default 8 hours)(s) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Mass | adminMass (from PK_1C) | 1000 | administration mass (mg) |
| Integer | adminCount (from PK_1C) | 8 | number of dose administered (1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vd (from PK_1C) | VdPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmin (from PK_1C) | 0.004 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmax (from PK_1C) | 0.008 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_peak (from PK_1C) | 0.012 | toxicity peak level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_trough (from PK_1C) | 0.006 | toxicity trough level |
Connectors
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | centralCPort (from PK_1C) |
Components
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Pharmacokinetic.ClearanceDrivenElimination | elim (from PK_1C) | ||
| Sources.PeriodicDose | periodicDose (from PK_1C) | ||
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | t1_2 (from PK_1C) | elimination half-life |
Revisions
- 06/2025 Tomas Kulhanek, generated model from data extracted from PUBMED, DrugBank and LLM(GPT4.1)