modelJ01MA15
Extends from Pharmacokinetic.Models.PK_2C_enteral.
Information
| name: | Gemifloxacin | |
| ATC code: | J01MA15 | route: | oral |
| compartments: | 2 | |
| dosage: | 320 | mg |
| volume of distribution: | 163 | L |
| clearance: | 12.3 | L/h |
| other parameters in model implementation | ||
Gemifloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic used to treat acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis and community-acquired pneumonia. It works by inhibiting bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, enzymes key to DNA replication. Gemifloxacin was previously approved in several countries, including the US and EU, but is now withdrawn in some regions due to safety concerns.
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacokinetic parameters in healthy adult volunteers (both male and female, fasting conditions, single oral dose, ages 18-50).
References
Bhavnani, SM, & Andes, DR (2005). Gemifloxacin for the treatment of respiratory tract infections: in vitro susceptibility, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, clinical efficacy, and safety. Pharmacotherapy 25(5) 717–740. DOI:10.1592/phco.25.5.717.63583 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15899734
Iannini, PB (2007). The safety profile of moxifloxacin and other fluoroquinolones in special patient populations. Current medical research and opinion 23(6) 1403–1413. DOI:10.1185/030079907X188099 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17559736
Jacobs, MR, et al., & Grüneberg, RN (2003). The Alexander Project 1998-2000: susceptibility of pathogens isolated from community-acquired respiratory tract infection to commonly used antimicrobial agents. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy 52(2) 229–246. DOI:10.1093/jac/dkg321 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12865398
Parameters
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Modelica.Units.SI.Mass | weight (from PK_1C) | 75 | patient weight (kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdPerKg (from PK_1C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution (L/kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.MassFraction | F (from PK_1C) | 0.8 | bioavailiability (0-1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | Cl (from PK_1C) | 20 | clearance |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminTime (from PK_1C) | 60 | first administration time (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminDuration (from PK_1C) | 600 | administration duration (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminPeriod (from PK_1C) | 8*60*60 | period of administration (default 8 hours)(s) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Mass | adminMass (from PK_1C) | 1000 | administration mass (mg) |
| Integer | adminCount (from PK_1C) | 8 | number of dose administered (1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vd (from PK_1C) | VdPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmin (from PK_1C) | 0.004 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmax (from PK_1C) | 0.008 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_peak (from PK_1C) | 0.012 | toxicity peak level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_trough (from PK_1C) | 0.006 | toxicity trough level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vdp (from PK_2C) | VdpPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdpPerKg (from PK_2C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution peripheral(l/kg) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | k12 (from PK_2C) | 1 | intercompartmental C-P clearance |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | k21 (from PK_2C) | 1 | intercompartmental P-C clearance |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.TransferRate | ka (from PK_2C_enteral) | 0.016666666666666666 | first order absorption rate |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | Tlag (from PK_2C_enteral) | 600 | delay between oral administration and absorption (default 10min) |
Connectors
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | centralCPort (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | peripheralCPort (from PK_2C) | ||
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_peripheral1 (from PK_2C) |
Components
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Pharmacokinetic.ClearanceDrivenElimination | elim (from PK_1C) | ||
| Sources.PeriodicDose | periodicDose (from PK_1C) | ||
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | t1_2 (from PK_1C) | elimination half-life | |
| Pharmacolibrary.Pharmacokinetic.TransferFirstOrderNonSym | transfer (from PK_2C) | ||
| Pharmacolibrary.Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | peripheral (from PK_2C) |
Revisions
- 06/2025 Tomas Kulhanek, generated model from data extracted from PUBMED, DrugBank and LLM(GPT4.1)