modelJ05AF04
Extends from Pharmacokinetic.Models.PK_1C_enteral.
Information
| name: | Stavudine | |
| ATC code: | J05AF04 | route: | oral |
| compartments: | 1 | |
| dosage: | 40 | mg |
| volume of distribution: | 0.73 | L |
| clearance: | 106 | ml/min |
| other parameters in model implementation | ||
Stavudine is a nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) formerly used in combination antiretroviral therapy for the treatment of HIV infection. Due to significant long-term toxicities, including peripheral neuropathy and lipodystrophy, its clinical use has been largely discontinued and is not recommended in current HIV treatment guidelines.
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacokinetic parameters reported for healthy adult volunteers after oral administration.
References
Horton, CM, et al., & Anderson, R (1995). Population pharmacokinetics of stavudine (d4T) in patients with AIDS or advanced AIDS-related complex. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 39(10) 2309–2315. DOI:10.1128/AAC.39.10.2309 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8619587
Panhard, X, et al., & Mentré, F (2007). Population pharmacokinetic analysis of lamivudine, stavudine and zidovudine in controlled HIV-infected patients on HAART. European journal of clinical pharmacology 63(11) 1019–1029. DOI:10.1007/s00228-007-0337-x PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17694300
Kwara, A, et al., & Court, MH (2009). Interindividual variability in pharmacokinetics of generic nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors in TB/HIV-coinfected Ghanaian patients: UGT2B7*1c is associated with faster zidovudine clearance and glucuronidation. Journal of clinical pharmacology 49(9) 1079–1090. DOI:10.1177/0091270009338482 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19628728
Parameters
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Modelica.Units.SI.Mass | weight (from PK_1C) | 75 | patient weight (kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdPerKg (from PK_1C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution (L/kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.MassFraction | F (from PK_1C) | 0.8 | bioavailiability (0-1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | Cl (from PK_1C) | 20 | clearance |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminTime (from PK_1C) | 60 | first administration time (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminDuration (from PK_1C) | 600 | administration duration (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminPeriod (from PK_1C) | 8*60*60 | period of administration (default 8 hours)(s) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Mass | adminMass (from PK_1C) | 1000 | administration mass (mg) |
| Integer | adminCount (from PK_1C) | 8 | number of dose administered (1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vd (from PK_1C) | VdPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmin (from PK_1C) | 0.004 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmax (from PK_1C) | 0.008 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_peak (from PK_1C) | 0.012 | toxicity peak level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_trough (from PK_1C) | 0.006 | toxicity trough level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.TransferRate | ka (from PK_1C_enteral) | 0.016666666666666666 | first order absorption rate |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | Tlag (from PK_1C_enteral) | 600 | delay between oral administration and absorption (default 10min) |
Connectors
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | centralCPort (from PK_1C) |
Components
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Pharmacokinetic.ClearanceDrivenElimination | elim (from PK_1C) | ||
| Sources.PeriodicDose | periodicDose (from PK_1C) | ||
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | t1_2 (from PK_1C) | elimination half-life |
Revisions
- 06/2025 Tomas Kulhanek, generated model from data extracted from PUBMED, DrugBank and LLM(GPT4.1)