modelM04AB01
Extends from Pharmacokinetic.Models.PK_1C_enteral.
Information
| name: | Probenecid | |
| ATC code: | M04AB01 | route: | oral |
| compartments: | 1 | |
| dosage: | 500 | mg |
| volume of distribution: | 11 | L |
| clearance: | 0.28 | L/hr |
| other parameters in model implementation | ||
Probenecid is a uricosuric agent primarily used for the treatment of hyperuricemia associated with gout and gouty arthritis. The drug acts by inhibiting the renal tubular reabsorption of uric acid, thereby increasing its excretion. It is also known to increase plasma concentrations of some antibiotics (e.g., penicillins, cephalosporins) by inhibiting their renal excretion. Probenecid is an approved drug and in clinical use, though less commonly used today given the availability of newer agents.
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacokinetic parameters in healthy adult volunteers following single oral dose administration.
References
Drennan, PG, et al., & Chambers, ST (2021). Population pharmacokinetics of free flucloxacillin in patients treated with oral flucloxacillin plus probenecid. British journal of clinical pharmacology 87(12) 4681–4690. DOI:10.1111/bcp.14887 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33963595
Wilson, RC, et al., & Rawson, TM (2022). Addition of probenecid to oral β-lactam antibiotics: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy 77(9) 2364–2372. DOI:10.1093/jac/dkac200 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35726853
Rayner, CR, et al., & Jonsson, EN (2008). Population pharmacokinetics of oseltamivir when coadministered with probenecid. Journal of clinical pharmacology 48(8) 935–947. DOI:10.1177/0091270008320317 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18524996
Parameters
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Modelica.Units.SI.Mass | weight (from PK_1C) | 75 | patient weight (kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdPerKg (from PK_1C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution (L/kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.MassFraction | F (from PK_1C) | 0.8 | bioavailiability (0-1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | Cl (from PK_1C) | 20 | clearance |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminTime (from PK_1C) | 60 | first administration time (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminDuration (from PK_1C) | 600 | administration duration (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminPeriod (from PK_1C) | 8*60*60 | period of administration (default 8 hours)(s) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Mass | adminMass (from PK_1C) | 1000 | administration mass (mg) |
| Integer | adminCount (from PK_1C) | 8 | number of dose administered (1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vd (from PK_1C) | VdPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmin (from PK_1C) | 0.004 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmax (from PK_1C) | 0.008 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_peak (from PK_1C) | 0.012 | toxicity peak level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_trough (from PK_1C) | 0.006 | toxicity trough level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.TransferRate | ka (from PK_1C_enteral) | 0.016666666666666666 | first order absorption rate |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | Tlag (from PK_1C_enteral) | 600 | delay between oral administration and absorption (default 10min) |
Connectors
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | centralCPort (from PK_1C) |
Components
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Pharmacokinetic.ClearanceDrivenElimination | elim (from PK_1C) | ||
| Sources.PeriodicDose | periodicDose (from PK_1C) | ||
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | t1_2 (from PK_1C) | elimination half-life |
Revisions
- 06/2025 Tomas Kulhanek, generated model from data extracted from PUBMED, DrugBank and LLM(GPT4.1)