modelN01AB06
Extends from Pharmacokinetic.Models.PK_2C.
Information
| name: | Isoflurane | |
| ATC code: | N01AB06 | route: | inhalational |
| compartments: | 2 | |
| dosage: | 1.15 | mg |
| volume of distribution: | 3.02 | L |
| clearance: | 1.43 | L/kg/hour |
| other parameters in model implementation | ||
Isoflurane is a volatile halogenated ether used as a general anesthetic for induction and maintenance of anesthesia. It is inhaled and acts as a central nervous system depressant. Isoflurane is widely used in surgical procedures and is approved for clinical use.
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacokinetic parameters reported in healthy adult volunteers during anesthesia maintenance.
References
Pypendop, BH, et al., & Honkavaara, J (2020). Pharmacokinetics of vatinoxan in male neutered cats anesthetized with isoflurane. Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia 47(1) 70–75. DOI:10.1016/j.vaa.2019.10.004 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31806431
Luca, GC, et al., & Pypendop, BH (2020). Pharmacokinetics of ketamine following a short intravenous infusion to isoflurane-anesthetized New Zealand White rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia 47(3) 334–340. DOI:10.1016/j.vaa.2020.02.002 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32222343
Nyberg, J, et al., & Svensén, CH (2019). Population Kinetics of 0.9% Saline Distribution in Hemorrhaged Awake and Isoflurane-anesthetized Volunteers. Anesthesiology 131(3) 501–511. DOI:10.1097/ALN.0000000000002816 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31246604
Parameters
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Modelica.Units.SI.Mass | weight (from PK_1C) | 75 | patient weight (kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdPerKg (from PK_1C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution (L/kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.MassFraction | F (from PK_1C) | 0.8 | bioavailiability (0-1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | Cl (from PK_1C) | 20 | clearance |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminTime (from PK_1C) | 60 | first administration time (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminDuration (from PK_1C) | 600 | administration duration (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminPeriod (from PK_1C) | 8*60*60 | period of administration (default 8 hours)(s) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Mass | adminMass (from PK_1C) | 1000 | administration mass (mg) |
| Integer | adminCount (from PK_1C) | 8 | number of dose administered (1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vd (from PK_1C) | VdPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmin (from PK_1C) | 0.004 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmax (from PK_1C) | 0.008 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_peak (from PK_1C) | 0.012 | toxicity peak level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_trough (from PK_1C) | 0.006 | toxicity trough level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vdp (from PK_2C) | VdpPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdpPerKg (from PK_2C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution peripheral(l/kg) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | k12 (from PK_2C) | 1 | intercompartmental C-P clearance |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | k21 (from PK_2C) | 1 | intercompartmental P-C clearance |
Connectors
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | centralCPort (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | peripheralCPort (from PK_2C) | ||
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_peripheral1 (from PK_2C) |
Components
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Pharmacokinetic.ClearanceDrivenElimination | elim (from PK_1C) | ||
| Sources.PeriodicDose | periodicDose (from PK_1C) | ||
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | t1_2 (from PK_1C) | elimination half-life | |
| Pharmacolibrary.Pharmacokinetic.TransferFirstOrderNonSym | transfer (from PK_2C) | ||
| Pharmacolibrary.Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | peripheral (from PK_2C) |
Revisions
- 06/2025 Tomas Kulhanek, generated model from data extracted from PUBMED, DrugBank and LLM(GPT4.1)