modelN02AB02
Extends from Pharmacokinetic.Models.PK_2C.
Information
| name: | Pethidine | |
| ATC code: | N02AB02 | route: | intravenous |
| compartments: | 2 | |
| dosage: | 100 | mg |
| volume of distribution: | 3.2 | L |
| clearance: | 11.2 | ml/min/kg |
| other parameters in model implementation | ||
Pethidine (also known as meperidine) is a synthetic opioid analgesic used primarily for the treatment of moderate to severe pain. It was widely used in the past for acute pain, obstetric analgesia, and perioperative pain management, but its clinical use has declined due to the risk of neurotoxicity, shorter duration of action, and the availability of safer alternatives. It is still occasionally used in some settings. Pethidine is a controlled substance and use is regulated.
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacokinetic parameters reported in healthy adult volunteers receiving intravenous administration.
References
Forrest, JA, et al., & Prescott, LF (1982). Clinical pharmacokinetics of paracetamol. Clinical pharmacokinetics 7(2) 93–107. DOI:10.2165/00003088-198207020-00001 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7039926
Alsmadi, MM, & Idkaidek, N (2023). The Analysis of Pethidine Pharmacokinetics in Newborn Saliva, Plasma, and Brain Extracellular Fluid After Prenatal Intrauterine Exposure from Pregnant Mothers Receiving Intramuscular Dose Using PBPK Modeling. European journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics 48(3) 281–300. DOI:10.1007/s13318-023-00823-x PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37017867
Chan, K, et al., & Orme, ML (1987). Disposition of pethidine in man under acidic urinary pH. 3. A comparison of pharmacokinetics among Caucasian, Chinese and Indian subjects. Methods and findings in experimental and clinical pharmacology 9(4) 243–250. PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3600099
Parameters
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Modelica.Units.SI.Mass | weight (from PK_1C) | 75 | patient weight (kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdPerKg (from PK_1C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution (L/kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.MassFraction | F (from PK_1C) | 0.8 | bioavailiability (0-1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | Cl (from PK_1C) | 20 | clearance |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminTime (from PK_1C) | 60 | first administration time (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminDuration (from PK_1C) | 600 | administration duration (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminPeriod (from PK_1C) | 8*60*60 | period of administration (default 8 hours)(s) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Mass | adminMass (from PK_1C) | 1000 | administration mass (mg) |
| Integer | adminCount (from PK_1C) | 8 | number of dose administered (1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vd (from PK_1C) | VdPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmin (from PK_1C) | 0.004 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmax (from PK_1C) | 0.008 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_peak (from PK_1C) | 0.012 | toxicity peak level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_trough (from PK_1C) | 0.006 | toxicity trough level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vdp (from PK_2C) | VdpPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdpPerKg (from PK_2C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution peripheral(l/kg) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | k12 (from PK_2C) | 1 | intercompartmental C-P clearance |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | k21 (from PK_2C) | 1 | intercompartmental P-C clearance |
Connectors
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | centralCPort (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | peripheralCPort (from PK_2C) | ||
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_peripheral1 (from PK_2C) |
Components
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Pharmacokinetic.ClearanceDrivenElimination | elim (from PK_1C) | ||
| Sources.PeriodicDose | periodicDose (from PK_1C) | ||
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | t1_2 (from PK_1C) | elimination half-life | |
| Pharmacolibrary.Pharmacokinetic.TransferFirstOrderNonSym | transfer (from PK_2C) | ||
| Pharmacolibrary.Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | peripheral (from PK_2C) |
Revisions
- 06/2025 Tomas Kulhanek, generated model from data extracted from PUBMED, DrugBank and LLM(GPT4.1)