modelN04BC07
Extends from Pharmacokinetic.Models.PK_2C.
Information
| name: | Apomorphine | |
| ATC code: | N04BC07 | route: | subcutaneous |
| compartments: | 2 | |
| dosage: | 3 | mg |
| volume of distribution: | 208 | L |
| clearance: | 114 | L/h |
| other parameters in model implementation | ||
Apomorphine is a non-ergoline dopamine agonist used mainly in the management of advanced Parkinson's disease to reduce off episodes. It is administered subcutaneously, often as a rescue therapy for sudden motor fluctuations. Apomorphine is currently approved and in clinical use for this indication.
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacokinetic parameters for healthy adult volunteers and Parkinson's disease patients after subcutaneous administration.
References
Agbo, F, et al., & Navia, B (2021). Population pharmacokinetic analysis of apomorphine sublingual film or subcutaneous apomorphine in healthy subjects and patients with Parkinson's disease. Clinical and translational science 14(4) 1464–1475. DOI:10.1111/cts.13008 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33650272
Neef, C, & van Laar, T (1999). Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic relationships of apomorphine in patients with Parkinson's disease. Clinical pharmacokinetics 37(3) 257–271. DOI:10.2165/00003088-199937030-00004 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10511920
Briganti, A, et al., & Montorsi, F (2006). A comparative review of apomorphine formulations for erectile dysfunction : recommendations for use in the elderly. Drugs & aging 23(4) 309–319. DOI:10.2165/00002512-200623040-00004 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16732690
Parameters
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Modelica.Units.SI.Mass | weight (from PK_1C) | 75 | patient weight (kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdPerKg (from PK_1C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution (L/kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.MassFraction | F (from PK_1C) | 0.8 | bioavailiability (0-1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | Cl (from PK_1C) | 20 | clearance |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminTime (from PK_1C) | 60 | first administration time (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminDuration (from PK_1C) | 600 | administration duration (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminPeriod (from PK_1C) | 8*60*60 | period of administration (default 8 hours)(s) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Mass | adminMass (from PK_1C) | 1000 | administration mass (mg) |
| Integer | adminCount (from PK_1C) | 8 | number of dose administered (1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vd (from PK_1C) | VdPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmin (from PK_1C) | 0.004 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmax (from PK_1C) | 0.008 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_peak (from PK_1C) | 0.012 | toxicity peak level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_trough (from PK_1C) | 0.006 | toxicity trough level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vdp (from PK_2C) | VdpPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdpPerKg (from PK_2C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution peripheral(l/kg) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | k12 (from PK_2C) | 1 | intercompartmental C-P clearance |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | k21 (from PK_2C) | 1 | intercompartmental P-C clearance |
Connectors
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | centralCPort (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | peripheralCPort (from PK_2C) | ||
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_peripheral1 (from PK_2C) |
Components
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Pharmacokinetic.ClearanceDrivenElimination | elim (from PK_1C) | ||
| Sources.PeriodicDose | periodicDose (from PK_1C) | ||
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | t1_2 (from PK_1C) | elimination half-life | |
| Pharmacolibrary.Pharmacokinetic.TransferFirstOrderNonSym | transfer (from PK_2C) | ||
| Pharmacolibrary.Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | peripheral (from PK_2C) |
Revisions
- 06/2025 Tomas Kulhanek, generated model from data extracted from PUBMED, DrugBank and LLM(GPT4.1)