modelN07BA01
Extends from Pharmacokinetic.Models.PK_2C.
Information
| name: | Nicotine | |
| ATC code: | N07BA01 | route: | intravenous |
| compartments: | 2 | |
| dosage: | 0.025 | mg |
| volume of distribution: | 2.6 | L |
| clearance: | 1.2 | L/min |
| other parameters in model implementation | ||
Nicotine is a potent parasympathomimetic alkaloid found in tobacco. It acts as an agonist at nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the central and peripheral nervous system. Clinically, nicotine has been used as an aid in smoking cessation therapies in the form of patches, gums, lozenges, nasal sprays, and inhalers. It remains approved for use in various nicotine replacement therapies.
Pharmacokinetics
Healthy adult non-smoking male volunteers administered nicotine intravenously, as per Benowitz et al., 1982.
References
Olsson Gisleskog, PO, et al., & Soons, PA (2021). Nicotine Population Pharmacokinetics in Healthy Smokers After Intravenous, Oral, Buccal and Transdermal Administration. Clinical pharmacokinetics 60(4) 541–561. DOI:10.1007/s40262-020-00960-5 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33354734
Liakoni, E, et al., & Benowitz, NL (2019). Relationship between skin melanin index and nicotine pharmacokinetics in African American smokers. Drug and alcohol dependence 204 107474–None. DOI:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.04.039 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31521954
Ouro, A, et al., & López, M (2025). Neuroprotective effect of small extracellular vesicle-mediated targeting of AMPKα2 in cerebral ischemia. Metabolism: clinical and experimental 167 156160–None. DOI:10.1016/j.metabol.2025.156160 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39961478
Parameters
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Modelica.Units.SI.Mass | weight (from PK_1C) | 75 | patient weight (kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdPerKg (from PK_1C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution (L/kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.MassFraction | F (from PK_1C) | 0.8 | bioavailiability (0-1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | Cl (from PK_1C) | 20 | clearance |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminTime (from PK_1C) | 60 | first administration time (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminDuration (from PK_1C) | 600 | administration duration (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminPeriod (from PK_1C) | 8*60*60 | period of administration (default 8 hours)(s) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Mass | adminMass (from PK_1C) | 1000 | administration mass (mg) |
| Integer | adminCount (from PK_1C) | 8 | number of dose administered (1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vd (from PK_1C) | VdPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmin (from PK_1C) | 0.004 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmax (from PK_1C) | 0.008 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_peak (from PK_1C) | 0.012 | toxicity peak level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_trough (from PK_1C) | 0.006 | toxicity trough level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vdp (from PK_2C) | VdpPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdpPerKg (from PK_2C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution peripheral(l/kg) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | k12 (from PK_2C) | 1 | intercompartmental C-P clearance |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | k21 (from PK_2C) | 1 | intercompartmental P-C clearance |
Connectors
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | centralCPort (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | peripheralCPort (from PK_2C) | ||
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_peripheral1 (from PK_2C) |
Components
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Pharmacokinetic.ClearanceDrivenElimination | elim (from PK_1C) | ||
| Sources.PeriodicDose | periodicDose (from PK_1C) | ||
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | t1_2 (from PK_1C) | elimination half-life | |
| Pharmacolibrary.Pharmacokinetic.TransferFirstOrderNonSym | transfer (from PK_2C) | ||
| Pharmacolibrary.Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | peripheral (from PK_2C) |
Revisions
- 06/2025 Tomas Kulhanek, generated model from data extracted from PUBMED, DrugBank and LLM(GPT4.1)