modelS01FA02_1
Extends from Pharmacokinetic.Models.PK_2C_enteral.
Information
| name: | Scopolamine_1 | |
| ATC code: | S01FA02_1 | route: | oral |
| compartments: | 2 | |
| dosage: | 0.4 | mg |
| volume of distribution: | 7.1 | L |
| clearance: | 1.03 | L/min |
| other parameters in model implementation | ||
Scopolamine, also known as hyoscine, is a tropane alkaloid anticholinergic drug used primarily for the prevention of motion sickness, postoperative nausea and vomiting, and as a mydriatic and cycloplegic agent in ophthalmology. It is available in various formulations including oral, transdermal, and parenteral administration. Scopolamine is still in clinical use today, mainly for its antiemetic properties and ophthalmological purposes.
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacokinetic parameters in healthy adults after oral administration.
References
Tytgat, GN (2007). Hyoscine butylbromide: a review of its use in the treatment of abdominal cramping and pain. Drugs 67(9) 1343–1357. DOI:10.2165/00003495-200767090-00007 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17547475
Guay, DR (2003). Clinical pharmacokinetics of drugs used to treat urge incontinence. Clinical pharmacokinetics 42(14) 1243–1285. DOI:10.2165/00003088-200342140-00004 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14606931
Rompicherla, SKL, et al., & Rao, CM (2021). Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic evaluation of nasal liposome and nanoparticle based rivastigmine formulations in acute and chronic models of Alzheimer's disease. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 394(8) 1737–1755. DOI:10.1007/s00210-021-02096-0 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34086100
Parameters
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Modelica.Units.SI.Mass | weight (from PK_1C) | 75 | patient weight (kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdPerKg (from PK_1C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution (L/kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.MassFraction | F (from PK_1C) | 0.8 | bioavailiability (0-1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | Cl (from PK_1C) | 20 | clearance |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminTime (from PK_1C) | 60 | first administration time (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminDuration (from PK_1C) | 600 | administration duration (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminPeriod (from PK_1C) | 8*60*60 | period of administration (default 8 hours)(s) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Mass | adminMass (from PK_1C) | 1000 | administration mass (mg) |
| Integer | adminCount (from PK_1C) | 8 | number of dose administered (1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vd (from PK_1C) | VdPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmin (from PK_1C) | 0.004 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmax (from PK_1C) | 0.008 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_peak (from PK_1C) | 0.012 | toxicity peak level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_trough (from PK_1C) | 0.006 | toxicity trough level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vdp (from PK_2C) | VdpPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdpPerKg (from PK_2C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution peripheral(l/kg) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | k12 (from PK_2C) | 1 | intercompartmental C-P clearance |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | k21 (from PK_2C) | 1 | intercompartmental P-C clearance |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.TransferRate | ka (from PK_2C_enteral) | 0.016666666666666666 | first order absorption rate |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | Tlag (from PK_2C_enteral) | 600 | delay between oral administration and absorption (default 10min) |
Connectors
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | centralCPort (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | peripheralCPort (from PK_2C) | ||
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_peripheral1 (from PK_2C) |
Components
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Pharmacokinetic.ClearanceDrivenElimination | elim (from PK_1C) | ||
| Sources.PeriodicDose | periodicDose (from PK_1C) | ||
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | t1_2 (from PK_1C) | elimination half-life | |
| Pharmacolibrary.Pharmacokinetic.TransferFirstOrderNonSym | transfer (from PK_2C) | ||
| Pharmacolibrary.Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | peripheral (from PK_2C) |
Revisions
- 06/2025 Tomas Kulhanek, generated model from data extracted from PUBMED, DrugBank and LLM(GPT4.1)