modelS03AA07
Extends from Pharmacokinetic.Models.PK_2C_enteral.
Information
| name: | Ciprofloxacin | |
| ATC code: | S03AA07 | route: | oral |
| compartments: | 2 | |
| dosage: | 500 | mg |
| volume of distribution: | 120 | L |
| clearance: | 42 | L/h |
| other parameters in model implementation | ||
Ciprofloxacin is a broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone antibiotic used to treat a variety of bacterial infections including those of the urinary tract, respiratory tract, gastrointestinal system, skin, and eyes. It acts by inhibiting bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV. Ciprofloxacin remains approved and widely used today for many infections sensitive to its action.
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacokinetic parameters reported in healthy adult volunteers following a single oral dose.
References
Hirt, D, et al., & Benaboud, S (2021). Population pharmacokinetics of intravenous and oral ciprofloxacin in children to optimize dosing regimens. European journal of clinical pharmacology 77(11) 1687–1695. DOI:10.1007/s00228-021-03174-1 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34160669
Zahr, N, et al., & Funck-Brentano, C (2021). Ciprofloxacin population pharmacokinetics during long-term treatment of osteoarticular infections. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy 76(11) 2906–2913. DOI:10.1093/jac/dkab275 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34363656
Junkert, AM, et al., & Pontarolo, R (2024). Pharmacokinetics of oral ciprofloxacin in adult patients: A scoping review. British journal of clinical pharmacology 90(2) 528–547. DOI:10.1111/bcp.15933 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37850318
Parameters
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Modelica.Units.SI.Mass | weight (from PK_1C) | 75 | patient weight (kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdPerKg (from PK_1C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution (L/kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.MassFraction | F (from PK_1C) | 0.8 | bioavailiability (0-1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | Cl (from PK_1C) | 20 | clearance |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminTime (from PK_1C) | 60 | first administration time (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminDuration (from PK_1C) | 600 | administration duration (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminPeriod (from PK_1C) | 8*60*60 | period of administration (default 8 hours)(s) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Mass | adminMass (from PK_1C) | 1000 | administration mass (mg) |
| Integer | adminCount (from PK_1C) | 8 | number of dose administered (1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vd (from PK_1C) | VdPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmin (from PK_1C) | 0.004 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmax (from PK_1C) | 0.008 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_peak (from PK_1C) | 0.012 | toxicity peak level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_trough (from PK_1C) | 0.006 | toxicity trough level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vdp (from PK_2C) | VdpPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdpPerKg (from PK_2C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution peripheral(l/kg) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | k12 (from PK_2C) | 1 | intercompartmental C-P clearance |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | k21 (from PK_2C) | 1 | intercompartmental P-C clearance |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.TransferRate | ka (from PK_2C_enteral) | 0.016666666666666666 | first order absorption rate |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | Tlag (from PK_2C_enteral) | 600 | delay between oral administration and absorption (default 10min) |
Connectors
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | centralCPort (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | peripheralCPort (from PK_2C) | ||
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_peripheral1 (from PK_2C) |
Components
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Pharmacokinetic.ClearanceDrivenElimination | elim (from PK_1C) | ||
| Sources.PeriodicDose | periodicDose (from PK_1C) | ||
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | t1_2 (from PK_1C) | elimination half-life | |
| Pharmacolibrary.Pharmacokinetic.TransferFirstOrderNonSym | transfer (from PK_2C) | ||
| Pharmacolibrary.Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | peripheral (from PK_2C) |
Revisions
- 06/2025 Tomas Kulhanek, generated model from data extracted from PUBMED, DrugBank and LLM(GPT4.1)