modelMetronidazole
Extends from Pharmacolibrary.Drugs.ATC.A.A01AB17.
Information
| name: | Metronidazole | |
| ATC code: | A01AB17 | route: | oral |
| compartments: | 1 | |
| dosage: | 500 | mg |
| volume of distribution: | 41 | L |
| clearance: | 2.4 | L/h |
| other parameters in model implementation | ||
Metronidazole is a nitroimidazole antibiotic and antiprotozoal medication used to treat various infections caused by anaerobic bacteria and protozoa, including bacterial vaginosis, trichomoniasis, giardiasis, amebiasis, and certain intra-abdominal and dental infections. It is widely approved and used in clinical practice today.
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacokinetic parameters reported for healthy adult volunteers following oral administration.
References
Sullins, AK, & Abdel-Rahman, SM (2013). Pharmacokinetics of antibacterial agents in the CSF of children and adolescents. Paediatric drugs 15(2) 93–117. DOI:10.1007/s40272-013-0017-5 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23529866
Vande Griend, JP, et al., & Linnebur, SA (2012). A year in review: new drugs for older adults in 2011. The American journal of geriatric pharmacotherapy 10(4) 258–263. DOI:10.1016/j.amjopharm.2012.05.003 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22682643
Carlson, TJ, et al., & Garey, KW (2022). Fulminant Clostridioides difficile Infection: A Review of Treatment Options for a Life-Threatening Infection. Seminars in respiratory and critical care medicine 43(1) 28–38. DOI:10.1055/s-0041-1740973 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35172356
Parameters
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Modelica.Units.SI.Mass | weight (from PK_1C) | 75 | patient weight (kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdPerKg (from PK_1C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution (L/kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.MassFraction | F (from PK_1C) | 0.8 | bioavailiability (0-1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | Cl (from PK_1C) | 20 | clearance |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminTime (from PK_1C) | 60 | first administration time (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminDuration (from PK_1C) | 600 | administration duration (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminPeriod (from PK_1C) | 8*60*60 | period of administration (default 8 hours)(s) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Mass | adminMass (from PK_1C) | 1000 | administration mass (mg) |
| Integer | adminCount (from PK_1C) | 8 | number of dose administered (1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vd (from PK_1C) | VdPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmin (from PK_1C) | 0.004 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmax (from PK_1C) | 0.008 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_peak (from PK_1C) | 0.012 | toxicity peak level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_trough (from PK_1C) | 0.006 | toxicity trough level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.TransferRate | ka (from PK_1C_enteral) | 0.016666666666666666 | first order absorption rate |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | Tlag (from PK_1C_enteral) | 600 | delay between oral administration and absorption (default 10min) |
Connectors
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | centralCPort (from PK_1C) |
Components
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Pharmacokinetic.ClearanceDrivenElimination | elim (from PK_1C) | ||
| Sources.PeriodicDose | periodicDose (from PK_1C) | ||
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | t1_2 (from PK_1C) | elimination half-life |
Revisions
- 06/2025 Tomas Kulhanek, generated model from data extracted from PUBMED, DrugBank and LLM(GPT4.1)