modelPitofenoneAndAnalgesics

Diagram of PitofenoneAndAnalgesics

Extends from Pharmacolibrary.Drugs.ATC.A.A03DA02.

Information

name:PitofenoneAndAnalgesics
ATC code:A03DA02
route:oral
compartments:1
dosage:50mg
volume of distribution:70L
clearance:15L/h
other parameters in model implementation

Pitofenone is a spasmolytic agent used in combination with analgesics such as metamizole and fenpiverinium in fixed-dose preparations for the symptomatic treatment of smooth muscle spasm and associated pain, commonly in conditions like renal colic, biliary colic, and gastrointestinal spasm. Although once widely used in Central and Eastern Europe, its approval status and usage have declined or been restricted in many countries due to safety and efficacy concerns.

Pharmacokinetics

No human pharmacokinetic data are reported in the available literature for pitofenone or its fixed-dose combinations with analgesics, including metabolic, distribution, or elimination parameters. No clinical PK studies published, thus the values below are theoretical estimates for an adult oral administration.

References

    Parameters

    TypeNameDefaultDescription
    Modelica.Units.SI.Massweight (from PK_1C)75patient weight (kg)
    Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolumeVdPerKg (from PK_1C)0.9Volume of distribution (L/kg)
    Modelica.Units.SI.MassFractionF (from PK_1C)0.8bioavailiability (0-1)
    Pharmacolibrary.Types.ClearanceCl (from PK_1C)20clearance
    Modelica.Units.SI.TimeadminTime (from PK_1C)60first administration time (s)
    Modelica.Units.SI.TimeadminDuration (from PK_1C)600administration duration (s)
    Modelica.Units.SI.TimeadminPeriod (from PK_1C)8*60*60period of administration (default 8 hours)(s)
    Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassadminMass (from PK_1C)1000administration mass (mg)
    IntegeradminCount (from PK_1C)8number of dose administered (1)
    Pharmacolibrary.Types.VolumeVd (from PK_1C)VdPerKg*weightVolume of distribution (m3)
    Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentrationCmin (from PK_1C)0.004minimal therapeutic range
    Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentrationCmax (from PK_1C)0.008minimal therapeutic range
    Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentrationCtox_peak (from PK_1C)0.012toxicity peak level
    Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentrationCtox_trough (from PK_1C)0.006toxicity trough level
    Pharmacolibrary.Types.TransferRateka (from PK_1C_enteral)0.016666666666666666first order absorption rate
    Modelica.Units.SI.TimeTlag (from PK_1C_enteral)600delay between oral administration and absorption (default 10min)

    Connectors

    TypeNameDefaultDescription
    Types.ConcentrationOutputC_central (from PK_1C)
    Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_bcentralCPort (from PK_1C)

    Components

    TypeNameDefaultDescription
    Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartmentcentral (from PK_1C)
    Pharmacokinetic.ClearanceDrivenEliminationelim (from PK_1C)
    Sources.PeriodicDoseperiodicDose (from PK_1C)
    Modelica.Units.SI.Timet1_2 (from PK_1C)elimination half-life

    Revisions

    • 06/2025 Tomas Kulhanek, generated model from data extracted from PUBMED, DrugBank and LLM(GPT4.1)