modelPhospholipids
Extends from Pharmacolibrary.Drugs.ATC.A.A05BA10.
Information
| name: | Phospholipids | |
| ATC code: | A05BA10 | route: | oral |
| compartments: | 1 | |
| dosage: | 600 | mg |
| volume of distribution: | 5 | L |
| clearance: | 10 | L/h |
| other parameters in model implementation | ||
Phospholipids are amphipathic molecules used therapeutically to support hepatic function, primarily as hepatoprotective agents in various liver diseases. Formulations like essential phospholipids are indicated for liver disorders such as hepatitis, fatty liver, and liver toxicity. While widely used in some countries (notably Eastern Europe and Asia), these agents are not universally approved and are considered nutraceuticals or adjunct therapies in others.
Pharmacokinetics
No primary pharmacokinetic data exist in indexed literature for therapeutic phospholipids (essential phospholipids) in healthy adults or patients with liver disease. Parameters are estimated based on physicochemical characteristics and analogous lipid formulations.
References
de Waal, T, et al., & Augustijns, P (2023). Characterization of neonatal and infant enterostomy fluids. International journal of pharmaceutics 639 122943–None. DOI:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122943 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37059240
Ramakrishna, Y, et al., & Munshi, AK (2011). Decreasing cariogenic bacteria with a natural, alternative prevention therapy utilizing phytochemistry (plant extracts). The Journal of clinical pediatric dentistry 36(1) 55–63. DOI:10.17796/jcpd.36.1.f485870h90174311 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22900445
Parrow, A, et al., & Bergström, CAS (2020). Molecular Dynamics Simulations on Interindividual Variability of Intestinal Fluids: Impact on Drug Solubilization. Molecular pharmaceutics 17(10) 3837–3844. DOI:10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00588 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32787279
Parameters
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Modelica.Units.SI.Mass | weight (from PK_1C) | 75 | patient weight (kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdPerKg (from PK_1C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution (L/kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.MassFraction | F (from PK_1C) | 0.8 | bioavailiability (0-1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | Cl (from PK_1C) | 20 | clearance |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminTime (from PK_1C) | 60 | first administration time (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminDuration (from PK_1C) | 600 | administration duration (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminPeriod (from PK_1C) | 8*60*60 | period of administration (default 8 hours)(s) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Mass | adminMass (from PK_1C) | 1000 | administration mass (mg) |
| Integer | adminCount (from PK_1C) | 8 | number of dose administered (1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vd (from PK_1C) | VdPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmin (from PK_1C) | 0.004 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmax (from PK_1C) | 0.008 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_peak (from PK_1C) | 0.012 | toxicity peak level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_trough (from PK_1C) | 0.006 | toxicity trough level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.TransferRate | ka (from PK_1C_enteral) | 0.016666666666666666 | first order absorption rate |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | Tlag (from PK_1C_enteral) | 600 | delay between oral administration and absorption (default 10min) |
Connectors
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | centralCPort (from PK_1C) |
Components
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Pharmacokinetic.ClearanceDrivenElimination | elim (from PK_1C) | ||
| Sources.PeriodicDose | periodicDose (from PK_1C) | ||
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | t1_2 (from PK_1C) | elimination half-life |
Revisions
- 06/2025 Tomas Kulhanek, generated model from data extracted from PUBMED, DrugBank and LLM(GPT4.1)