modelAmiodarone
Extends from Pharmacolibrary.Drugs.ATC.C.C01BD01.
Information
| name: | Amiodarone | |
| ATC code: | C01BD01 | route: | oral |
| compartments: | 2 | |
| dosage: | 400 | mg |
| volume of distribution: | 66 | L |
| clearance: | 0.14 | L/kg/h |
| other parameters in model implementation | ||
Amiodarone is a class III antiarrhythmic agent primarily used for the treatment and prevention of various types of cardiac arrhythmias, including ventricular tachycardia and atrial fibrillation. It is approved for use in many countries but is reserved for life-threatening arrhythmias due to potential for serious side effects.
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacokinetic parameters in adult healthy individuals or cardiac patients following oral administration.
References
Lehnert, A, et al., & Treluyer, JM (2022). Amiodarone/N-desethylamiodarone population pharmacokinetics in paediatric patients. British journal of clinical pharmacology 88(12) 5369–5377. DOI:10.1111/bcp.15458 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35816412
Pollak, PT, et al., & Shafer, SL (2000). Population pharmacokinetics of long-term oral amiodarone therapy. Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics 67(6) 642–652. DOI:10.1067/mcp.2000.107047 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10872646
Hirai, T, et al., & Iwamoto, T (2022). Population Pharmacokinetic Model of Amiodarone and N-Desethylamiodarone Focusing on Glucocorticoid and Inflammation. Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin 45(7) 948–954. DOI:10.1248/bpb.b21-00940 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35786602
Parameters
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Modelica.Units.SI.Mass | weight (from PK_1C) | 75 | patient weight (kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdPerKg (from PK_1C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution (L/kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.MassFraction | F (from PK_1C) | 0.8 | bioavailiability (0-1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | Cl (from PK_1C) | 20 | clearance |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminTime (from PK_1C) | 60 | first administration time (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminDuration (from PK_1C) | 600 | administration duration (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminPeriod (from PK_1C) | 8*60*60 | period of administration (default 8 hours)(s) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Mass | adminMass (from PK_1C) | 1000 | administration mass (mg) |
| Integer | adminCount (from PK_1C) | 8 | number of dose administered (1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vd (from PK_1C) | VdPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmin (from PK_1C) | 0.004 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmax (from PK_1C) | 0.008 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_peak (from PK_1C) | 0.012 | toxicity peak level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_trough (from PK_1C) | 0.006 | toxicity trough level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vdp (from PK_2C) | VdpPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdpPerKg (from PK_2C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution peripheral(l/kg) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | k12 (from PK_2C) | 1 | intercompartmental C-P clearance |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | k21 (from PK_2C) | 1 | intercompartmental P-C clearance |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.TransferRate | ka (from PK_2C_enteral) | 0.016666666666666666 | first order absorption rate |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | Tlag (from PK_2C_enteral) | 600 | delay between oral administration and absorption (default 10min) |
Connectors
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | centralCPort (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | peripheralCPort (from PK_2C) | ||
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_peripheral1 (from PK_2C) |
Components
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Pharmacokinetic.ClearanceDrivenElimination | elim (from PK_1C) | ||
| Sources.PeriodicDose | periodicDose (from PK_1C) | ||
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | t1_2 (from PK_1C) | elimination half-life | |
| Pharmacolibrary.Pharmacokinetic.TransferFirstOrderNonSym | transfer (from PK_2C) | ||
| Pharmacolibrary.Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | peripheral (from PK_2C) |
Revisions
- 06/2025 Tomas Kulhanek, generated model from data extracted from PUBMED, DrugBank and LLM(GPT4.1)