modelEnalaprilAndDiuretics
Extends from Pharmacolibrary.Drugs.ATC.C.C09BA02.
Information
| name: | EnalaprilAndDiuretics | |
| ATC code: | C09BA02 | route: | oral |
| compartments: | 1 | |
| dosage: | 20 | mg |
| volume of distribution: | 96 | L |
| clearance: | 44 | L/h |
| other parameters in model implementation | ||
Combination medication containing enalapril (an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor) and a diuretic, typically used in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure. Enalapril decreases blood pressure by inhibiting the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, while the diuretic promotes sodium and water excretion. The combination is approved and used in clinical practice for patients not adequately controlled with monotherapy.
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacokinetic parameters estimated from published data on enalapril combined with hydrochlorothiazide, for healthy adult subjects following oral administration.
References
Langtry, HD, & Markham, A (1997). Lisinopril. A review of its pharmacology and clinical efficacy in elderly patients. Drugs & aging 10(2) 131–166. DOI:10.2165/00002512-199710020-00006 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9061270
McCormack, PL, & Wagstaff, AJ (2003). Lacidipine: a review of its use in the management of hypertension. Drugs 63(21) 2327–2356. DOI:10.2165/00003495-200363210-00008 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14524737
Thabet, Y, et al., & Breitkreutz, J (2018). Continuous manufacturing and analytical characterization of fixed-dose, multilayer orodispersible films. European journal of pharmaceutical sciences : official journal of the European Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences 117 236–244. DOI:10.1016/j.ejps.2018.02.030 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29499348
Parameters
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Modelica.Units.SI.Mass | weight (from PK_1C) | 75 | patient weight (kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdPerKg (from PK_1C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution (L/kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.MassFraction | F (from PK_1C) | 0.8 | bioavailiability (0-1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | Cl (from PK_1C) | 20 | clearance |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminTime (from PK_1C) | 60 | first administration time (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminDuration (from PK_1C) | 600 | administration duration (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminPeriod (from PK_1C) | 8*60*60 | period of administration (default 8 hours)(s) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Mass | adminMass (from PK_1C) | 1000 | administration mass (mg) |
| Integer | adminCount (from PK_1C) | 8 | number of dose administered (1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vd (from PK_1C) | VdPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmin (from PK_1C) | 0.004 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmax (from PK_1C) | 0.008 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_peak (from PK_1C) | 0.012 | toxicity peak level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_trough (from PK_1C) | 0.006 | toxicity trough level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.TransferRate | ka (from PK_1C_enteral) | 0.016666666666666666 | first order absorption rate |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | Tlag (from PK_1C_enteral) | 600 | delay between oral administration and absorption (default 10min) |
Connectors
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | centralCPort (from PK_1C) |
Components
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Pharmacokinetic.ClearanceDrivenElimination | elim (from PK_1C) | ||
| Sources.PeriodicDose | periodicDose (from PK_1C) | ||
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | t1_2 (from PK_1C) | elimination half-life |
Revisions
- 06/2025 Tomas Kulhanek, generated model from data extracted from PUBMED, DrugBank and LLM(GPT4.1)