modelZalcitabine
Extends from Pharmacolibrary.Drugs.ATC.J.J05AF03.
Information
| name: | Zalcitabine | |
| ATC code: | J05AF03 | route: | oral |
| compartments: | 1 | |
| dosage: | 0.75 | mg |
| volume of distribution: | 0.74 | L |
| clearance: | 245 | mL/min |
| other parameters in model implementation | ||
Zalcitabine is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) formerly used in the treatment of HIV infection. It inhibits viral replication by interfering with reverse transcriptase activity. Due to toxicity concerns and the development of better alternatives, zalcitabine has been withdrawn from the market and is not currently approved for clinical use.
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacokinetic parameters following oral administration in HIV-infected adult patients; typically studied population included males and females aged 18-60 with normal renal and hepatic function.
References
Adams, JM, et al., & Morse, GD (1998). Zalcitabine population pharmacokinetics: application of radioimmunoassay. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 42(2) 409–413. DOI:10.1128/AAC.42.2.409 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9527795
Stretcher, BN (1995). Pharmacokinetic optimisation of antiretroviral therapy in patients with HIV infection. Clinical pharmacokinetics 29(1) 46–65. DOI:10.2165/00003088-199529010-00006 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7586898
Gustavson, LE, et al., & Dunton, AW (1990). A pilot study of the bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of 2',3'-dideoxycytidine in patients with AIDS or AIDS-related complex. Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes 3(1) 28–31. PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2152803
Parameters
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Modelica.Units.SI.Mass | weight (from PK_1C) | 75 | patient weight (kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdPerKg (from PK_1C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution (L/kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.MassFraction | F (from PK_1C) | 0.8 | bioavailiability (0-1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | Cl (from PK_1C) | 20 | clearance |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminTime (from PK_1C) | 60 | first administration time (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminDuration (from PK_1C) | 600 | administration duration (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminPeriod (from PK_1C) | 8*60*60 | period of administration (default 8 hours)(s) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Mass | adminMass (from PK_1C) | 1000 | administration mass (mg) |
| Integer | adminCount (from PK_1C) | 8 | number of dose administered (1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vd (from PK_1C) | VdPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmin (from PK_1C) | 0.004 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmax (from PK_1C) | 0.008 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_peak (from PK_1C) | 0.012 | toxicity peak level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_trough (from PK_1C) | 0.006 | toxicity trough level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.TransferRate | ka (from PK_1C_enteral) | 0.016666666666666666 | first order absorption rate |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | Tlag (from PK_1C_enteral) | 600 | delay between oral administration and absorption (default 10min) |
Connectors
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | centralCPort (from PK_1C) |
Components
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Pharmacokinetic.ClearanceDrivenElimination | elim (from PK_1C) | ||
| Sources.PeriodicDose | periodicDose (from PK_1C) | ||
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | t1_2 (from PK_1C) | elimination half-life |
Revisions
- 06/2025 Tomas Kulhanek, generated model from data extracted from PUBMED, DrugBank and LLM(GPT4.1)