modelBupivacaine_1
Extends from Pharmacolibrary.Drugs.ATC.N.N01BB01_1.
Information
| name: | Bupivacaine_1 | |
| ATC code: | N01BB01_1 | route: | epidural |
| compartments: | 2 | |
| dosage: | 100 | mg |
| volume of distribution: | 53 | L |
| clearance: | 11 | L/h |
| other parameters in model implementation | ||
Bupivacaine is a long-acting amide-type local anesthetic commonly used for regional anesthesia, including epidural, spinal, and peripheral nerve block procedures. It is approved and widely used today in both medical and dental settings for pain control during and after surgical procedures.
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacokinetic parameters following epidural administration in healthy adults.
References
Calder, A, et al., & Morton, NS (2012). Pharmacokinetic profiles of epidural bupivacaine and ropivacaine following single-shot and continuous epidural use in young infants. Paediatric anaesthesia 22(5) 430–437. DOI:10.1111/j.1460-9592.2011.03771.x PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22211825
Olofsen, E, et al., & Dahan, A (2008). Population pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling of epidural anesthesia. Anesthesiology 109(4) 664–674. DOI:10.1097/01.anes.0000334302.50559.c9 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18813046
Chalkiadis, GA, et al., & Kelly, JJ (2005). Pharmacokinetics of levobupivacaine after caudal epidural administration in infants less than 3 months of age. British journal of anaesthesia 95(4) 524–529. DOI:10.1093/bja/aei218 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16100236
Parameters
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Modelica.Units.SI.Mass | weight (from PK_1C) | 75 | patient weight (kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdPerKg (from PK_1C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution (L/kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.MassFraction | F (from PK_1C) | 0.8 | bioavailiability (0-1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | Cl (from PK_1C) | 20 | clearance |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminTime (from PK_1C) | 60 | first administration time (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminDuration (from PK_1C) | 600 | administration duration (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminPeriod (from PK_1C) | 8*60*60 | period of administration (default 8 hours)(s) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Mass | adminMass (from PK_1C) | 1000 | administration mass (mg) |
| Integer | adminCount (from PK_1C) | 8 | number of dose administered (1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vd (from PK_1C) | VdPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmin (from PK_1C) | 0.004 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmax (from PK_1C) | 0.008 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_peak (from PK_1C) | 0.012 | toxicity peak level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_trough (from PK_1C) | 0.006 | toxicity trough level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vdp (from PK_2C) | VdpPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdpPerKg (from PK_2C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution peripheral(l/kg) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | k12 (from PK_2C) | 1 | intercompartmental C-P clearance |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | k21 (from PK_2C) | 1 | intercompartmental P-C clearance |
Connectors
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | centralCPort (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | peripheralCPort (from PK_2C) | ||
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_peripheral1 (from PK_2C) |
Components
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Pharmacokinetic.ClearanceDrivenElimination | elim (from PK_1C) | ||
| Sources.PeriodicDose | periodicDose (from PK_1C) | ||
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | t1_2 (from PK_1C) | elimination half-life | |
| Pharmacolibrary.Pharmacokinetic.TransferFirstOrderNonSym | transfer (from PK_2C) | ||
| Pharmacolibrary.Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | peripheral (from PK_2C) |
Revisions
- 06/2025 Tomas Kulhanek, generated model from data extracted from PUBMED, DrugBank and LLM(GPT4.1)