modelNalbuphine
Extends from Pharmacolibrary.Drugs.ATC.N.N02AF02.
Information
| name: | Nalbuphine | |
| ATC code: | N02AF02 | route: | intravenous |
| compartments: | 2 | |
| dosage: | 10 | mg |
| volume of distribution: | 200 | L |
| clearance: | 77 | L/h |
| other parameters in model implementation | ||
Nalbuphine is a synthetic opioid analgesic used to treat moderate to severe pain. It acts as a mixed agonist-antagonist at opioid receptors—agonist at kappa-opioid receptors and antagonist at mu-opioid receptors. It is primarily approved for use in the management and relief of pain, pre- and postoperative analgesia, and as a supplement to balanced anesthesia. It is currently approved for medical use in several countries.
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacokinetic parameters reported in healthy adult volunteers after intravenous administration.
References
Nie, X, et al., & Wang, M (2023). Population pharmacokinetics of nalbuphine in patients undergoing general anesthesia surgery. Frontiers in pharmacology 14 1130287–None. DOI:10.3389/fphar.2023.1130287 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37025491
Pfiffner, M, et al., & Gotta, V (2022). Pharmacometric Analysis of Intranasal and Intravenous Nalbuphine to Optimize Pain Management in Infants. Frontiers in pediatrics 10 837492–None. DOI:10.3389/fped.2022.837492 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35311056
Korzekwa, K, et al., & Hawi, A (2024). A Continuous Intestinal Absorption Model to Predict Drug Enterohepatic Recirculation in Healthy Humans: Nalbuphine as a Model Substrate. Molecular pharmaceutics 21(9) 4510–4523. DOI:10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.4c00424 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38956965
Parameters
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Modelica.Units.SI.Mass | weight (from PK_1C) | 75 | patient weight (kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdPerKg (from PK_1C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution (L/kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.MassFraction | F (from PK_1C) | 0.8 | bioavailiability (0-1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | Cl (from PK_1C) | 20 | clearance |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminTime (from PK_1C) | 60 | first administration time (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminDuration (from PK_1C) | 600 | administration duration (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminPeriod (from PK_1C) | 8*60*60 | period of administration (default 8 hours)(s) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Mass | adminMass (from PK_1C) | 1000 | administration mass (mg) |
| Integer | adminCount (from PK_1C) | 8 | number of dose administered (1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vd (from PK_1C) | VdPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmin (from PK_1C) | 0.004 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmax (from PK_1C) | 0.008 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_peak (from PK_1C) | 0.012 | toxicity peak level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_trough (from PK_1C) | 0.006 | toxicity trough level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vdp (from PK_2C) | VdpPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdpPerKg (from PK_2C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution peripheral(l/kg) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | k12 (from PK_2C) | 1 | intercompartmental C-P clearance |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | k21 (from PK_2C) | 1 | intercompartmental P-C clearance |
Connectors
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | centralCPort (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | peripheralCPort (from PK_2C) | ||
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_peripheral1 (from PK_2C) |
Components
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Pharmacokinetic.ClearanceDrivenElimination | elim (from PK_1C) | ||
| Sources.PeriodicDose | periodicDose (from PK_1C) | ||
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | t1_2 (from PK_1C) | elimination half-life | |
| Pharmacolibrary.Pharmacokinetic.TransferFirstOrderNonSym | transfer (from PK_2C) | ||
| Pharmacolibrary.Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | peripheral (from PK_2C) |
Revisions
- 06/2025 Tomas Kulhanek, generated model from data extracted from PUBMED, DrugBank and LLM(GPT4.1)