modelParacetamol
Extends from Pharmacolibrary.Drugs.ATC.N.N02BE01.
Information
| name: | Paracetamol | |
| ATC code: | N02BE01 | route: | oral |
| compartments: | 1 | |
| dosage: | 1000 | mg |
| volume of distribution: | 0.95 | L |
| clearance: | 20.3 | L/h |
| other parameters in model implementation | ||
Paracetamol, also known as acetaminophen, is a widely used analgesic and antipyretic medication for the relief of fever and mild to moderate pain. It is approved for over-the-counter and prescription use globally and is considered safe when used at recommended doses.
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacokinetic parameters for healthy adult individuals after single oral dose administration.
References
Forrest, JA, et al., & Prescott, LF (1982). Clinical pharmacokinetics of paracetamol. Clinical pharmacokinetics 7(2) 93–107. DOI:10.2165/00003088-198207020-00001 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7039926
Moore, RA, et al., & Straube, S (2015). Effects of food on pharmacokinetics of immediate release oral formulations of aspirin, dipyrone, paracetamol and NSAIDs - a systematic review. British journal of clinical pharmacology 80(3) 381–388. DOI:10.1111/bcp.12628 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25784216
van der Heijden, LT, et al., & Spriet, I (2022). Highly Variable Paracetamol Pharmacokinetics After Multiple Oral Dosing in Frail Older People: A Population Pharmacokinetic Analysis. Drugs & aging 39(1) 83–95. DOI:10.1007/s40266-021-00912-z PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34918212
Parameters
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Modelica.Units.SI.Mass | weight (from PK_1C) | 75 | patient weight (kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdPerKg (from PK_1C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution (L/kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.MassFraction | F (from PK_1C) | 0.8 | bioavailiability (0-1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | Cl (from PK_1C) | 20 | clearance |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminTime (from PK_1C) | 60 | first administration time (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminDuration (from PK_1C) | 600 | administration duration (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminPeriod (from PK_1C) | 8*60*60 | period of administration (default 8 hours)(s) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Mass | adminMass (from PK_1C) | 1000 | administration mass (mg) |
| Integer | adminCount (from PK_1C) | 8 | number of dose administered (1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vd (from PK_1C) | VdPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmin (from PK_1C) | 0.004 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmax (from PK_1C) | 0.008 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_peak (from PK_1C) | 0.012 | toxicity peak level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_trough (from PK_1C) | 0.006 | toxicity trough level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.TransferRate | ka (from PK_1C_enteral) | 0.016666666666666666 | first order absorption rate |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | Tlag (from PK_1C_enteral) | 600 | delay between oral administration and absorption (default 10min) |
Connectors
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | centralCPort (from PK_1C) |
Components
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Pharmacokinetic.ClearanceDrivenElimination | elim (from PK_1C) | ||
| Sources.PeriodicDose | periodicDose (from PK_1C) | ||
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | t1_2 (from PK_1C) | elimination half-life |
Revisions
- 06/2025 Tomas Kulhanek, generated model from data extracted from PUBMED, DrugBank and LLM(GPT4.1)