modelPhenytoin
Extends from Pharmacolibrary.Drugs.ATC.N.N03AB02.
Information
| name: | Phenytoin | |
| ATC code: | N03AB02 | route: | oral |
| compartments: | 1 | |
| dosage: | 300 | mg |
| volume of distribution: | 0.65 | L |
| clearance: | 0.015 | L/kg/h |
| other parameters in model implementation | ||
Phenytoin is an antiepileptic drug widely used for the treatment and prevention of seizures, particularly in the management of tonic-clonic (grand mal) and partial seizures. It stabilizes neuronal membranes and decreases seizure activity by increasing efflux or decreasing influx of sodium ions across cell membranes in the motor cortex during generation of nerve impulses. Phenytoin is approved for use in many countries and is still actively used today.
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacokinetic parameters reported in adult healthy volunteers and patients with epilepsy. Sex: both male and female, age range: adults (18-65 years), without significant renal or hepatic impairment.
References
Li, Z, et al., & Song, G (2019). The Evolution of Population Pharmacokinetic Model of Oral Phenytoin for Early Seizure Prophylaxis Post-Craniotomy. Current drug metabolism 20(9) 756–764. DOI:10.2174/1389200220666190913115837 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31518217
Li, ZD, et al., & Huang, YA (2016). Population Pharmacokinetics of Phenytoin Based on NONMEM in Patients with Intracranial Tumor During the First Week of Post-Craniotomy. Current drug metabolism 17(7) 721–728. DOI:10.2174/1389200217666160513132716 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27174459
Chan, V, et al., & Tett, SE (2001). Population pharmacokinetics of lamotrigine. Therapeutic drug monitoring 23(6) 630–635. DOI:10.1097/00007691-200112000-00006 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11802095
Parameters
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Modelica.Units.SI.Mass | weight (from PK_1C) | 75 | patient weight (kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdPerKg (from PK_1C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution (L/kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.MassFraction | F (from PK_1C) | 0.8 | bioavailiability (0-1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | Cl (from PK_1C) | 20 | clearance |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminTime (from PK_1C) | 60 | first administration time (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminDuration (from PK_1C) | 600 | administration duration (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminPeriod (from PK_1C) | 8*60*60 | period of administration (default 8 hours)(s) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Mass | adminMass (from PK_1C) | 1000 | administration mass (mg) |
| Integer | adminCount (from PK_1C) | 8 | number of dose administered (1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vd (from PK_1C) | VdPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmin (from PK_1C) | 0.004 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmax (from PK_1C) | 0.008 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_peak (from PK_1C) | 0.012 | toxicity peak level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_trough (from PK_1C) | 0.006 | toxicity trough level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.TransferRate | ka (from PK_1C_enteral) | 0.016666666666666666 | first order absorption rate |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | Tlag (from PK_1C_enteral) | 600 | delay between oral administration and absorption (default 10min) |
Connectors
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | centralCPort (from PK_1C) |
Components
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Pharmacokinetic.ClearanceDrivenElimination | elim (from PK_1C) | ||
| Sources.PeriodicDose | periodicDose (from PK_1C) | ||
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | t1_2 (from PK_1C) | elimination half-life |
Revisions
- 06/2025 Tomas Kulhanek, generated model from data extracted from PUBMED, DrugBank and LLM(GPT4.1)