modelClozapine
Extends from Pharmacolibrary.Drugs.ATC.N.N05AH02.
Information
| name: | Clozapine | |
| ATC code: | N05AH02 | route: | oral |
| compartments: | 2 | |
| dosage: | 100 | mg |
| volume of distribution: | 1.6 | L |
| clearance: | 19 | L/h |
| other parameters in model implementation | ||
Clozapine is an atypical antipsychotic medication primarily used for treatment-resistant schizophrenia. It is known for its effectiveness in patients unresponsive to other antipsychotics but is associated with risks such as agranulocytosis and requires regular blood monitoring. Clozapine is approved and in clinical use today.
Pharmacokinetics
Typical pharmacokinetic parameters modelled in adult patients with schizophrenia (mixed sex, oral administration).
References
Jerling, M, et al., & Mallet, A (1997). Population pharmacokinetics of clozapine evaluated with the nonparametric maximum likelihood method. British journal of clinical pharmacology 44(5) 447–453. DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2125.1997.t01-1-00606.x PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9384461
Simon, N, et al., & Azorin, JM (2022). Comorbidities and the right dose: antipsychotics. Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology 18(7-8) 507–518. DOI:10.1080/17425255.2022.2113378 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35979611
Qiu, XW, et al., & Lu, W (2009). [Population pharmacokinetics research of clozapine in Chinese schizophrenic patients]. Yao xue xue bao = Acta pharmaceutica Sinica 44(7) 785–792. PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19806921
Parameters
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Modelica.Units.SI.Mass | weight (from PK_1C) | 75 | patient weight (kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdPerKg (from PK_1C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution (L/kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.MassFraction | F (from PK_1C) | 0.8 | bioavailiability (0-1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | Cl (from PK_1C) | 20 | clearance |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminTime (from PK_1C) | 60 | first administration time (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminDuration (from PK_1C) | 600 | administration duration (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminPeriod (from PK_1C) | 8*60*60 | period of administration (default 8 hours)(s) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Mass | adminMass (from PK_1C) | 1000 | administration mass (mg) |
| Integer | adminCount (from PK_1C) | 8 | number of dose administered (1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vd (from PK_1C) | VdPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmin (from PK_1C) | 0.004 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmax (from PK_1C) | 0.008 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_peak (from PK_1C) | 0.012 | toxicity peak level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_trough (from PK_1C) | 0.006 | toxicity trough level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vdp (from PK_2C) | VdpPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdpPerKg (from PK_2C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution peripheral(l/kg) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | k12 (from PK_2C) | 1 | intercompartmental C-P clearance |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | k21 (from PK_2C) | 1 | intercompartmental P-C clearance |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.TransferRate | ka (from PK_2C_enteral) | 0.016666666666666666 | first order absorption rate |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | Tlag (from PK_2C_enteral) | 600 | delay between oral administration and absorption (default 10min) |
Connectors
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | centralCPort (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | peripheralCPort (from PK_2C) | ||
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_peripheral1 (from PK_2C) |
Components
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Pharmacokinetic.ClearanceDrivenElimination | elim (from PK_1C) | ||
| Sources.PeriodicDose | periodicDose (from PK_1C) | ||
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | t1_2 (from PK_1C) | elimination half-life | |
| Pharmacolibrary.Pharmacokinetic.TransferFirstOrderNonSym | transfer (from PK_2C) | ||
| Pharmacolibrary.Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | peripheral (from PK_2C) |
Revisions
- 06/2025 Tomas Kulhanek, generated model from data extracted from PUBMED, DrugBank and LLM(GPT4.1)