modelPentobarbital
Extends from Pharmacolibrary.Drugs.ATC.N.N05CA01.
Information
| name: | Pentobarbital | |
| ATC code: | N05CA01 | route: | intravenous |
| compartments: | 2 | |
| dosage: | 100 | mg |
| volume of distribution: | 0.6 | L |
| clearance: | 3.5 | ml/min/kg |
| other parameters in model implementation | ||
Pentobarbital is a short-acting barbiturate used primarily as a sedative, hypnotic, and anticonvulsant. Historically employed for the treatment of insomnia and as an anesthetic, its current clinical use is limited due to the risk of dependence and the availability of safer alternatives. It is used today for short-term sedation and in euthanasia protocols in veterinary and, in some jurisdictions, human medicine.
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacokinetic parameters reported for healthy adult male subjects following intravenous administration.
References
Ketharanathan, N, et al., & de Winter, BCM (2023). A Population Pharmacokinetic Model of Pentobarbital for Children with Status Epilepticus and Severe Traumatic Brain Injury. Clinical pharmacokinetics 62(7) 1011–1022. DOI:10.1007/s40262-023-01249-z PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37247187
Metten, P, et al., & Crabbe, JC (1998). Drug withdrawal convulsions and susceptibility to convulsants after short-term selective breeding for acute ethanol withdrawal. Behavioural brain research 95(1) 113–122. DOI:10.1016/s0166-4328(97)00216-7 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9754883
Parameters
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Modelica.Units.SI.Mass | weight (from PK_1C) | 75 | patient weight (kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdPerKg (from PK_1C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution (L/kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.MassFraction | F (from PK_1C) | 0.8 | bioavailiability (0-1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | Cl (from PK_1C) | 20 | clearance |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminTime (from PK_1C) | 60 | first administration time (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminDuration (from PK_1C) | 600 | administration duration (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminPeriod (from PK_1C) | 8*60*60 | period of administration (default 8 hours)(s) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Mass | adminMass (from PK_1C) | 1000 | administration mass (mg) |
| Integer | adminCount (from PK_1C) | 8 | number of dose administered (1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vd (from PK_1C) | VdPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmin (from PK_1C) | 0.004 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmax (from PK_1C) | 0.008 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_peak (from PK_1C) | 0.012 | toxicity peak level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_trough (from PK_1C) | 0.006 | toxicity trough level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vdp (from PK_2C) | VdpPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdpPerKg (from PK_2C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution peripheral(l/kg) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | k12 (from PK_2C) | 1 | intercompartmental C-P clearance |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | k21 (from PK_2C) | 1 | intercompartmental P-C clearance |
Connectors
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | centralCPort (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | peripheralCPort (from PK_2C) | ||
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_peripheral1 (from PK_2C) |
Components
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Pharmacokinetic.ClearanceDrivenElimination | elim (from PK_1C) | ||
| Sources.PeriodicDose | periodicDose (from PK_1C) | ||
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | t1_2 (from PK_1C) | elimination half-life | |
| Pharmacolibrary.Pharmacokinetic.TransferFirstOrderNonSym | transfer (from PK_2C) | ||
| Pharmacolibrary.Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | peripheral (from PK_2C) |
Revisions
- 06/2025 Tomas Kulhanek, generated model from data extracted from PUBMED, DrugBank and LLM(GPT4.1)