modelChloralHydrate
Extends from Pharmacolibrary.Drugs.ATC.N.N05CC01.
Information
| name: | ChloralHydrate | |
| ATC code: | N05CC01 | route: | oral |
| compartments: | 1 | |
| dosage: | 1000 | mg |
| volume of distribution: | 0.6 | L |
| clearance: | 0.22 | L/kg/h |
| other parameters in model implementation | ||
Chloral hydrate is a sedative and hypnotic drug historically used for the short-term treatment of insomnia and to calm patients before surgery. It is now largely obsolete and has largely been replaced by safer alternatives, but may still be used in some pediatric sedation protocols and for certain procedures.
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacokinetics reported in healthy adult subjects following oral administration.
References
Allegaert, K, et al., & Devlieger, H (2005). Pharmacodynamics of chloral hydrate in former preterm infants. European journal of pediatrics 164(7) 403–407. DOI:10.1007/s00431-005-1648-5 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15798911
Mayers, DJ, et al., & Kasian, GF (1991). Chloral hydrate disposition following single-dose administration to critically ill neonates and children. Developmental pharmacology and therapeutics 16(2) 71–77. PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1914781
Parameters
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Modelica.Units.SI.Mass | weight (from PK_1C) | 75 | patient weight (kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdPerKg (from PK_1C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution (L/kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.MassFraction | F (from PK_1C) | 0.8 | bioavailiability (0-1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | Cl (from PK_1C) | 20 | clearance |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminTime (from PK_1C) | 60 | first administration time (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminDuration (from PK_1C) | 600 | administration duration (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminPeriod (from PK_1C) | 8*60*60 | period of administration (default 8 hours)(s) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Mass | adminMass (from PK_1C) | 1000 | administration mass (mg) |
| Integer | adminCount (from PK_1C) | 8 | number of dose administered (1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vd (from PK_1C) | VdPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmin (from PK_1C) | 0.004 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmax (from PK_1C) | 0.008 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_peak (from PK_1C) | 0.012 | toxicity peak level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_trough (from PK_1C) | 0.006 | toxicity trough level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.TransferRate | ka (from PK_1C_enteral) | 0.016666666666666666 | first order absorption rate |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | Tlag (from PK_1C_enteral) | 600 | delay between oral administration and absorption (default 10min) |
Connectors
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | centralCPort (from PK_1C) |
Components
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Pharmacokinetic.ClearanceDrivenElimination | elim (from PK_1C) | ||
| Sources.PeriodicDose | periodicDose (from PK_1C) | ||
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | t1_2 (from PK_1C) | elimination half-life |
Revisions
- 06/2025 Tomas Kulhanek, generated model from data extracted from PUBMED, DrugBank and LLM(GPT4.1)