modelBrimonidine
Extends from Pharmacolibrary.Drugs.ATC.S.S01EA05.
Information
| name: | Brimonidine | |
| ATC code: | S01EA05 | route: | ophthalmic |
| compartments: | 1 | |
| dosage: | 0.2 | mg |
| volume of distribution: | 10 | L |
| clearance: | 500 | mL/min |
| other parameters in model implementation | ||
Brimonidine is an alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonist primarily used in ophthalmology for the reduction of intraocular pressure in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. It is approved and widely used as an eye drop for this indication.
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacokinetic parameters after topical ophthalmic administration of brimonidine in healthy adult subjects.
References
Ackerman, SL, et al., & Vittitow, JL (2019). Low-dose brimonidine for relief of ocular redness: integrated analysis of four clinical trials. Clinical & experimental optometry 102(2) 131–139. DOI:10.1111/cxo.12846 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30525235
Schnichels, S, et al., & Herrmann, A (2021). Improved Treatment Options for Glaucoma with Brimonidine-Loaded Lipid DNA Nanoparticles. ACS applied materials & interfaces 13(8) 9445–9456. DOI:10.1021/acsami.0c18626 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33528240
Kim, CY, et al., & Seong, GJ (2007). Brimonidine 0.2% versus brimonidine Purite 0.15% in Asian ocular hypertension. Journal of ocular pharmacology and therapeutics : the official journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics 23(5) 481–486. DOI:10.1089/jop.2007.0042 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17900227
Parameters
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Modelica.Units.SI.Mass | weight (from PK_1C) | 75 | patient weight (kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolume | VdPerKg (from PK_1C) | 0.9 | Volume of distribution (L/kg) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.MassFraction | F (from PK_1C) | 0.8 | bioavailiability (0-1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Clearance | Cl (from PK_1C) | 20 | clearance |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminTime (from PK_1C) | 60 | first administration time (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminDuration (from PK_1C) | 600 | administration duration (s) |
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | adminPeriod (from PK_1C) | 8*60*60 | period of administration (default 8 hours)(s) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Mass | adminMass (from PK_1C) | 1000 | administration mass (mg) |
| Integer | adminCount (from PK_1C) | 8 | number of dose administered (1) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.Volume | Vd (from PK_1C) | VdPerKg*weight | Volume of distribution (m3) |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmin (from PK_1C) | 0.004 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Cmax (from PK_1C) | 0.008 | minimal therapeutic range |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_peak (from PK_1C) | 0.012 | toxicity peak level |
| Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentration | Ctox_trough (from PK_1C) | 0.006 | toxicity trough level |
Connectors
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Types.ConcentrationOutput | C_central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_b | centralCPort (from PK_1C) |
Components
| Type | Name | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartment | central (from PK_1C) | ||
| Pharmacokinetic.ClearanceDrivenElimination | elim (from PK_1C) | ||
| Sources.PeriodicDose | periodicDose (from PK_1C) | ||
| Modelica.Units.SI.Time | t1_2 (from PK_1C) | elimination half-life |
Revisions
- 06/2025 Tomas Kulhanek, generated model from data extracted from PUBMED, DrugBank and LLM(GPT4.1)