modelPilocarpine

Diagram of Pilocarpine

Extends from Pharmacolibrary.Drugs.ATC.S.S01EB01.

Information

name:Pilocarpine
ATC code:S01EB01
route:oral
compartments:1
dosage:5mg
volume of distribution:1.2L
clearance:20L/h
other parameters in model implementation

Pilocarpine is a muscarinic cholinergic agonist primarily used in ophthalmology to treat conditions like glaucoma and to induce miosis. It is also utilized as a sialogogue for xerostomia in some patients. The drug is approved and still in clinical use, with topical ocular and oral formulations available.

Pharmacokinetics

Estimated pharmacokinetic parameters for adult healthy humans, for oral administration as oral tablet.

References

  1. Muthumariappan, S, et al., & Ferreira, JN (2019). Localized Delivery of Pilocarpine to Hypofunctional Salivary Glands through Electrospun Nanofiber Mats: An Ex Vivo and In Vivo Study. International journal of molecular sciences 20(3) –. DOI:10.3390/ijms20030541 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30696017

Parameters

TypeNameDefaultDescription
Modelica.Units.SI.Massweight (from PK_1C)75patient weight (kg)
Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolumeVdPerKg (from PK_1C)0.9Volume of distribution (L/kg)
Modelica.Units.SI.MassFractionF (from PK_1C)0.8bioavailiability (0-1)
Pharmacolibrary.Types.ClearanceCl (from PK_1C)20clearance
Modelica.Units.SI.TimeadminTime (from PK_1C)60first administration time (s)
Modelica.Units.SI.TimeadminDuration (from PK_1C)600administration duration (s)
Modelica.Units.SI.TimeadminPeriod (from PK_1C)8*60*60period of administration (default 8 hours)(s)
Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassadminMass (from PK_1C)1000administration mass (mg)
IntegeradminCount (from PK_1C)8number of dose administered (1)
Pharmacolibrary.Types.VolumeVd (from PK_1C)VdPerKg*weightVolume of distribution (m3)
Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentrationCmin (from PK_1C)0.004minimal therapeutic range
Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentrationCmax (from PK_1C)0.008minimal therapeutic range
Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentrationCtox_peak (from PK_1C)0.012toxicity peak level
Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentrationCtox_trough (from PK_1C)0.006toxicity trough level
Pharmacolibrary.Types.TransferRateka (from PK_1C_enteral)0.016666666666666666first order absorption rate
Modelica.Units.SI.TimeTlag (from PK_1C_enteral)600delay between oral administration and absorption (default 10min)

Connectors

TypeNameDefaultDescription
Types.ConcentrationOutputC_central (from PK_1C)
Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_bcentralCPort (from PK_1C)

Components

TypeNameDefaultDescription
Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartmentcentral (from PK_1C)
Pharmacokinetic.ClearanceDrivenEliminationelim (from PK_1C)
Sources.PeriodicDoseperiodicDose (from PK_1C)
Modelica.Units.SI.Timet1_2 (from PK_1C)elimination half-life

Revisions

  • 06/2025 Tomas Kulhanek, generated model from data extracted from PUBMED, DrugBank and LLM(GPT4.1)