modelInosine

Diagram of Inosine

Extends from Pharmacolibrary.Drugs.ATC.S.S01XA10.

Information

name:Inosine
ATC code:S01XA10
route:oral
compartments:1
dosage:500mg
volume of distribution:30L
clearance:12L/h
other parameters in model implementation

Inosine is a purine nucleoside that forms when hypoxanthine is attached to a ribose ring via a β-N9-glycosidic bond. It has been investigated for several indications, including ophthalmic use as a cytoprotective and metabolic enhancer (mainly in Eastern Europe and Russia), and as an adjunct in neurology (such as in multiple sclerosis and Parkinson's disease investigational studies). Inosine is not approved for widespread therapeutic use in most countries but may be used in some as a supportive or off-label medication.

Pharmacokinetics

No formal published pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters are available for inosine in humans or in published ophthalmic studies; estimates are provided based on analogous nucleoside compounds and general pharmacokinetic principles.

References

  1. Staatz, CE, & Tett, SE (2007). Clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of mycophenolate in solid organ transplant recipients. Clinical pharmacokinetics 46(1) 13–58. DOI:10.2165/00003088-200746010-00002 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17201457

  2. Li, H, et al., & McCune, JS (2014). Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic analysis of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase activity in hematopoietic cell transplantation recipients treated with mycophenolate mofetil. Biology of blood and marrow transplantation : journal of the American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation 20(8) 1121–1129. DOI:10.1016/j.bbmt.2014.03.032 PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24727337

  3. McHutchison, JG, et al., & Alam, J (2005). A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled dose-escalation trial of merimepodib (VX-497) and interferon-alpha in previously untreated patients with chronic hepatitis C. Antiviral therapy 10(5) 635–643. PUBMED:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16152757

Parameters

TypeNameDefaultDescription
Modelica.Units.SI.Massweight (from PK_1C)75patient weight (kg)
Modelica.Units.SI.SpecificVolumeVdPerKg (from PK_1C)0.9Volume of distribution (L/kg)
Modelica.Units.SI.MassFractionF (from PK_1C)0.8bioavailiability (0-1)
Pharmacolibrary.Types.ClearanceCl (from PK_1C)20clearance
Modelica.Units.SI.TimeadminTime (from PK_1C)60first administration time (s)
Modelica.Units.SI.TimeadminDuration (from PK_1C)600administration duration (s)
Modelica.Units.SI.TimeadminPeriod (from PK_1C)8*60*60period of administration (default 8 hours)(s)
Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassadminMass (from PK_1C)1000administration mass (mg)
IntegeradminCount (from PK_1C)8number of dose administered (1)
Pharmacolibrary.Types.VolumeVd (from PK_1C)VdPerKg*weightVolume of distribution (m3)
Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentrationCmin (from PK_1C)0.004minimal therapeutic range
Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentrationCmax (from PK_1C)0.008minimal therapeutic range
Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentrationCtox_peak (from PK_1C)0.012toxicity peak level
Pharmacolibrary.Types.MassConcentrationCtox_trough (from PK_1C)0.006toxicity trough level
Pharmacolibrary.Types.TransferRateka (from PK_1C_enteral)0.016666666666666666first order absorption rate
Modelica.Units.SI.TimeTlag (from PK_1C_enteral)600delay between oral administration and absorption (default 10min)

Connectors

TypeNameDefaultDescription
Types.ConcentrationOutputC_central (from PK_1C)
Interfaces.ConcentrationPort_bcentralCPort (from PK_1C)

Components

TypeNameDefaultDescription
Pharmacokinetic.NoPerfusedTissueCompartmentcentral (from PK_1C)
Pharmacokinetic.ClearanceDrivenEliminationelim (from PK_1C)
Sources.PeriodicDoseperiodicDose (from PK_1C)
Modelica.Units.SI.Timet1_2 (from PK_1C)elimination half-life

Revisions

  • 06/2025 Tomas Kulhanek, generated model from data extracted from PUBMED, DrugBank and LLM(GPT4.1)